{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2073104441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358905","title":"Human, organizational, and technological factors of IT security","display_name":"Human, organizational, and technological factors of IT security","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2073104441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358905","mag":"2073104441"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1358628.1358905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358905","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091571857","display_name":"Kirstie Hawkey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kirstie Hawkey","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070584631","display_name":"David Botta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Botta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087005536","display_name":"Rodrigo Werlinger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodrigo Werlinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026476203","display_name":"Kasia M\u00fcldner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4660-5315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kasia Muldner","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084725709","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Gagn\u00e9","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Gagne","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035380853","display_name":"Konstantin Beznosov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1327-7477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantin Beznosov","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091571857"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.3058,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97535889,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3639","last_page":"3644"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11572","display_name":"Information Technology Governance and Strategy","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.6945542097091675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.5867920517921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5665788054466248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5624987483024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theme","display_name":"Theme (computing)","score":0.5073339343070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4811359941959381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45648738741874695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-management","display_name":"Security management","score":0.44926995038986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-information-and-event-management","display_name":"Security information and event management","score":0.43153083324432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing-security","display_name":"Cloud computing security","score":0.3086896538734436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2531248927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.15851306915283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.07786628603935242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.07289478182792664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.07130339741706848}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.6945542097091675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5867920517921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5665788054466248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5624987483024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33566652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1065927","display_name":"Theme (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5073339343070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4811359941959381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45648738741874695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83163435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3954104","display_name":"Security management","level":2,"score":0.44926995038986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.43153083324432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.3086896538734436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2531248927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.15851306915283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.07786628603935242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.07289478182792664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.07130339741706848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1358628.1358905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358905","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498728415","https://openalex.org/W1963976113","https://openalex.org/W1981681059","https://openalex.org/W2003325641","https://openalex.org/W2041350032","https://openalex.org/W2052484952","https://openalex.org/W2055847123","https://openalex.org/W2091494072","https://openalex.org/W2121513440","https://openalex.org/W2124260380","https://openalex.org/W2170135113","https://openalex.org/W2346085410","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4256374004","https://openalex.org/W2953227786","https://openalex.org/W2092708554","https://openalex.org/W3048948897","https://openalex.org/W2065250680","https://openalex.org/W2015505306","https://openalex.org/W330653092","https://openalex.org/W2349271268","https://openalex.org/W2384723023","https://openalex.org/W4321844648"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,11,21,43,48,58,71,74,90,96],"HOT":[4],"Admin":[5],"research":[6,103],"project,":[7],"which":[8],"is":[9],"investigating":[10],"human,":[12],"organizational,":[13],"and":[14,70,101],"technological":[15],"factors":[16],"of":[17,23,40,66,73,92,98],"IT":[18],"security":[19,24,68,75,100],"from":[20],"perspective":[22],"practitioners.":[25],"We":[26,80],"use":[27],"qualitative":[28],"methods":[29],"to":[30],"examine":[31],"their":[32,50,52],"experiences":[33],"along":[34],"several":[35],"themes":[36],"including:":[37],"unique":[38],"characteristics":[39],"this":[41],"population,":[42],"challenges":[44],"they":[45,61],"face":[46,62],"within":[47,105],"organization,":[49],"activities,":[51],"collaborative":[53],"interactions":[54],"with":[55],"other":[56,102],"stakeholders,":[57],"sub-optimal":[59],"situations":[60],"as":[63,87,89],"a":[64],"result":[65],"distributed":[67],"management,":[69],"impact":[72],"management":[76],"model":[77],"in":[78],"place.":[79],"present":[81],"preliminary":[82],"results":[83,94],"for":[84],"each":[85],"theme,":[86],"well":[88],"implications":[91],"these":[93],"on":[95],"field":[97],"usable":[99],"areas":[104],"HCI.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}