{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013259293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1352793.1352875","title":"An adaptive EMD embedding method by condensing secret messages based on consecutive ones transformation and token substitution","display_name":"An adaptive EMD embedding method by condensing secret messages based on consecutive ones transformation and token substitution","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013259293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1352793.1352875","mag":"2013259293"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1352793.1352875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1352793.1352875","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Ubiquitous information management and communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002272384","display_name":"Chin\u2010Feng Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-0727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126145234","display_name":"Chaoyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xwksx09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Feng Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung County, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung County, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100723437","display_name":"Yiren Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6757-5923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4880106","display_name":"Feng Chia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vhczg54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Ren Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, R.O.C. and Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, R.O.C. and Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254","https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038550838","display_name":"Chin\u2010Chen Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7319-5780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4880106","display_name":"Feng Chia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vhczg54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Chen Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4880106"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"390","last_page":"395"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.8995087742805481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.7598750591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.6893773078918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.6216068267822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6182847023010254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.5888921022415161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5589002370834351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5235321521759033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.46030548214912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43752941489219666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.41144847869873047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3835434317588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32963088154792786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3234899044036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10220813751220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.09119507670402527}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.8995087742805481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.7598750591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.6893773078918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.6216068267822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6182847023010254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.5888921022415161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5589002370834351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5235321521759033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.46030548214912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43752941489219666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.41144847869873047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3835434317588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32963088154792786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3234899044036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10220813751220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.09119507670402527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1352793.1352875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1352793.1352875","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Ubiquitous information management and communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000309351","https://openalex.org/W2070800460","https://openalex.org/W2073449274","https://openalex.org/W2077535460","https://openalex.org/W2118296934","https://openalex.org/W2121970116","https://openalex.org/W2133722030","https://openalex.org/W2809176256"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2521839693","https://openalex.org/W2969135852","https://openalex.org/W2188948172","https://openalex.org/W38533693","https://openalex.org/W2892069487","https://openalex.org/W2741842698","https://openalex.org/W1760333999","https://openalex.org/W2265739152","https://openalex.org/W2094307307","https://openalex.org/W2119567889"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"new":[1],"exploiting":[2],"modification":[3],"direction":[4],"embedding":[5,11,28,56,76,91],"method":[6,25],"(also":[7],"called":[8],"the":[9,51,54],"EMD":[10,55],"for":[12,78],"short)":[13],"was":[14],"proposed":[15,24],"by":[16,44],"Zhang":[17],"et":[18],"al.":[19],"to":[20,71,81],"show":[21],"that":[22],"their":[23],"has":[26],"high":[27,31],"capacity":[29],"and":[30,68],"stego-image":[32],"quality":[33],"as":[34],"well":[35],"because":[36],"at":[37],"most":[38],"one":[39,45],"cover":[40,48,86],"pixel":[41],"need":[42],"increase/decrease":[43],"among":[46],"n":[47],"pixels.":[49],"Adopting":[50],"advantages":[52],"of":[53,74],"method,":[57],"we":[58],"develop":[59],"a":[60,85],"condensed":[61],"technique":[62],"based":[63],"on":[64],"consecutive":[65],"ones":[66],"transformation":[67],"token":[69],"representation":[70],"squeeze":[72],"out":[73],"more":[75],"spaces":[77],"secret":[79],"data":[80,90],"be":[82],"embedded":[83],"in":[84],"image.":[87],"This":[88],"contributes":[89],"capacity.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
