{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2028089238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1321440.1321479","title":"Parameter sensitivity in the probabilistic model for ad-hoc retrieval","display_name":"Parameter sensitivity in the probabilistic model for ad-hoc retrieval","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2028089238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1321440.1321479","mag":"2028089238"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1321440.1321479","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1321440.1321479","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM conference on Conference on information and knowledge management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109888639","display_name":"Ben He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-9209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben He","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079046603","display_name":"Iadh Ounis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4701-3223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iadh Ounis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11555226,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"263","last_page":"272"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.8027889132499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence-from-randomness-model","display_name":"Divergence-from-randomness model","score":0.6929283738136292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.692160964012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.5898157954216003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term-discrimination","display_name":"Term Discrimination","score":0.5845901370048523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5762753486633301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance-feedback","display_name":"Relevance feedback","score":0.5014400482177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.48410308361053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.43095916509628296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.41863563656806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4110383987426758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30654528737068176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.21437805891036987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.17972543835639954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.1121152937412262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concept-search","display_name":"Concept search","score":0.08307287096977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06281962990760803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.8027889132499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149189445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283894","display_name":"Divergence-from-randomness model","level":3,"score":0.6929283738136292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.692160964012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.5898157954216003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22639730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7702546","display_name":"Term Discrimination","level":5,"score":0.5845901370048523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5762753486633301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779532271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q445558","display_name":"Relevance feedback","level":4,"score":0.5014400482177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.48410308361053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.43095916509628296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.41863563656806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4110383987426758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30654528737068176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.21437805891036987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.17972543835639954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.1121152937412262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182861755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158391","display_name":"Concept search","level":4,"score":0.08307287096977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06281962990760803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1321440.1321479","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1321440.1321479","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM conference on Conference on information and knowledge management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19293941","https://openalex.org/W60779023","https://openalex.org/W73128518","https://openalex.org/W95284390","https://openalex.org/W135190683","https://openalex.org/W1499624045","https://openalex.org/W1509991416","https://openalex.org/W2000569744","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2027714692","https://openalex.org/W2037140704","https://openalex.org/W2061261643","https://openalex.org/W2066238291","https://openalex.org/W2093390569","https://openalex.org/W2105157020","https://openalex.org/W2105380208","https://openalex.org/W2111875680","https://openalex.org/W2125135118","https://openalex.org/W2133986984","https://openalex.org/W2134557008","https://openalex.org/W2136542423","https://openalex.org/W2145734075","https://openalex.org/W2162697159","https://openalex.org/W2162746367","https://openalex.org/W2751100699","https://openalex.org/W4206765718","https://openalex.org/W4234200495","https://openalex.org/W4240913316","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6602511761","https://openalex.org/W6602980315","https://openalex.org/W6630516739","https://openalex.org/W6656506093","https://openalex.org/W6678888560","https://openalex.org/W7043762925"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986056603","https://openalex.org/W2167726669","https://openalex.org/W2326718978","https://openalex.org/W1999713929","https://openalex.org/W2749065928","https://openalex.org/W4238495367","https://openalex.org/W3149394920","https://openalex.org/W2745731412","https://openalex.org/W2105402307","https://openalex.org/W2351074824"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"term":[1,77,97],"frequency":[2],"normalisation":[3],"parameter":[4,19,28,43,67,114,127],"sensitivity":[5,20,44,68,128],"is":[6,45,69,100],"an":[7],"important":[8],"issue":[9],"in":[10],"the":[11,27,33,66,72,75,103,113,126],"probabilistic":[12],"model":[13,39],"for":[14],"Information":[15],"Retrieval.":[16],"A":[17],"high":[18,42],"indicates":[21],"that":[22,65,74,95,125],"a":[23,37,41,51],"slight":[24],"change":[25],"of":[26,102],"value":[29],"may":[30],"considerably":[31],"affect":[32],"retrieval":[34,53],"performance.":[35],"Therefore,":[36],"weighting":[38],"with":[40],"not":[46,80],"robust":[47],"enough":[48,82],"to":[49,71,83,88,111],"provide":[50],"consistent":[52],"performance":[54],"across":[55],"different":[56],"collections":[57,123],"and":[58],"queries.":[59],"In":[60],"this":[61],"paper,":[62],"we":[63],"suggest":[64],"due":[70],"fact":[73],"query":[76,86,96,133],"weights":[78],"are":[79,135],"adequate":[81],"allow":[84],"informative":[85],"terms":[87,134],"differ":[89],"from":[90],"non-informative":[91],"ones.":[92],"We":[93],"show":[94,124],"reweighing,":[98],"which":[99],"part":[101],"relevance":[104],"feedback":[105],"process,":[106],"can":[107],"be":[108],"successfully":[109],"used":[110],"reduce":[112],"sensitivity.":[115],"Experiments":[116],"on":[117],"five":[118],"Text":[119],"REtrieval":[120],"Conference":[121],"(TREC)":[122],"does":[129],"remarkably":[130],"decrease":[131],"when":[132],"reweighed.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}