{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2057394813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1321261.1321297","title":"An evaluation of virtual lenses for object selection in augmented reality","display_name":"An evaluation of virtual lenses for object selection in augmented reality","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2057394813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1321261.1321297","mag":"2057394813"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1321261.1321297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1321261.1321297","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australia and Southeast Asia","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081591150","display_name":"Julian Looser","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185492890","display_name":"University of Canterbury","ror":"https://ror.org/03y7q9t39","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Looser","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Canterbury, New Zealand","University of Canterbury (New zealand)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Canterbury, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Canterbury (New zealand)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021195349","display_name":"Mark Billinghurst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4172-6759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185492890","display_name":"University of Canterbury","ror":"https://ror.org/03y7q9t39","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Billinghurst","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Canterbury, New Zealand","University of Canterbury (New zealand)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Canterbury, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Canterbury (New zealand)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000733910","display_name":"Rapha\u00ebl Grasset","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185492890","display_name":"University of Canterbury","ror":"https://ror.org/03y7q9t39","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rapha\u00ebl Grasset","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Canterbury, New Zealand","University of Canterbury (New zealand)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Canterbury, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Canterbury (New zealand)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080181433","display_name":"Andy Cockburn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1074-4268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185492890","display_name":"University of Canterbury","ror":"https://ror.org/03y7q9t39","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andy Cockburn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Canterbury, New Zealand","University of Canterbury (New zealand)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Canterbury, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Canterbury (New zealand)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7332,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90824129,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"203","last_page":"210"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-reality","display_name":"Augmented reality","score":0.8405367136001587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7904872298240662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.6976445317268372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6970564126968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6699373722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-image","display_name":"Virtual image","score":0.6165927648544312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.6083279848098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5386087894439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5102322101593018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.505589485168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immersion","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","score":0.4681088626384735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-interaction","display_name":"3D interaction","score":0.4480215311050415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pointer","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","score":0.4478963017463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.4140568673610687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34067368507385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09513837099075317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153715457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254183","display_name":"Augmented reality","level":2,"score":0.8405367136001587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7904872298240662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.6976445317268372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6970564126968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6699373722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51970089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44415","display_name":"Virtual image","level":2,"score":0.6165927648544312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.6083279848098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5386087894439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5102322101593018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.505589485168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199068039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574523","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4681088626384735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776977519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636326","display_name":"3D interaction","level":3,"score":0.4480215311050415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150202949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107602","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","level":2,"score":0.4478963017463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.4140568673610687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34067368507385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09513837099075317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1321261.1321297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1321261.1321297","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australia and Southeast Asia","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.138.5247","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.138.5247","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.hitlabnz.org/publications/2007-anevaluationofvirtuallensesforobjectselectionar.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.canterbury.ac.nz:10092/733","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10092/733","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401103","display_name":"University of Canterbury Research Repository (University of Canterbury)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I185492890","host_organization_name":"University of Canterbury","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Contributions - Published"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1548765468","https://openalex.org/W1561256858","https://openalex.org/W1776542812","https://openalex.org/W1974223339","https://openalex.org/W1974491190","https://openalex.org/W2017718675","https://openalex.org/W2042751882","https://openalex.org/W2054697665","https://openalex.org/W2070262273","https://openalex.org/W2090029266","https://openalex.org/W2107758168","https://openalex.org/W2109488344","https://openalex.org/W2122122381","https://openalex.org/W2127544967","https://openalex.org/W2149167609","https://openalex.org/W2149891956","https://openalex.org/W2150874632","https://openalex.org/W2170591174","https://openalex.org/W2179427518","https://openalex.org/W4239127880"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3039884195","https://openalex.org/W2355744761","https://openalex.org/W2277297747","https://openalex.org/W2067828477","https://openalex.org/W2120077540","https://openalex.org/W2402466229","https://openalex.org/W579688499","https://openalex.org/W2056660114","https://openalex.org/W2080298447","https://openalex.org/W2007502700"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,65],"reports":[2],"the":[3,51,76,106,116],"results":[4,110],"of":[5,53,79,118],"an":[6,24],"experiment":[7],"to":[8,91,98],"compare":[9],"three":[10],"different":[11],"selection":[12,22,55,67],"techniques":[13,56],"in":[14,27,114],"a":[15,66],"tabletop":[16],"tangible":[17,44],"augmented":[18,120],"reality":[19,121],"interface.":[20],"Object":[21],"is":[23,73,89,101],"important":[25],"task":[26],"all":[28],"direct":[29],"manipulation":[30,37],"interfaces":[31],"because":[32],"it":[33],"precedes":[34],"most":[35],"other":[36,107],"and":[38,82,100],"navigation":[39],"actions.":[40],"Previous":[41],"work":[42],"on":[43,70],"virtual":[45,71,80,83],"lenses":[46,72],"for":[47],"visualisation":[48],"has":[49],"prompted":[50],"exploration":[52],"how":[54],"can":[57,111],"be":[58,92,112],"incorporated":[59],"into":[60],"these":[61],"tools.":[62],"In":[63],"this":[64],"technique":[68,88],"based":[69],"compared":[74],"with":[75],"traditional":[77],"approaches":[78],"hand":[81],"pointer":[84],"methods.":[85],"The":[86],"Lens":[87],"found":[90],"faster,":[93],"require":[94],"less":[95],"physical":[96],"effort":[97],"use,":[99],"preferred":[102],"by":[103],"participants":[104],"over":[105],"techniques.":[108],"These":[109],"useful":[113],"guiding":[115],"development":[117],"future":[119],"interfaces.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
