{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2163369706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1314690.1314693","title":"A testing scenario for probabilistic processes","display_name":"A testing scenario for probabilistic processes","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2163369706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1314690.1314693","mag":"2163369706"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1314690.1314693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1314690.1314693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118992489","display_name":"Journal of the ACM","issn_l":"0004-5411","issn":["0004-5411","1557-735X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051808606","display_name":"Ling Cheung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Cheung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053065289","display_name":"Mari\u00eblle Stoelinga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6793-8165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mari\u00eblle Stoelinga","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001955028","display_name":"Frits Vaandrager","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3955-1910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frits Vaandrager","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6937,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94985265,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"6","first_page":"29","last_page":"29"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","score":0.7541455626487732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.7185316681861877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","score":0.6675547957420349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5107393264770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.48980140686035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observational-equivalence","display_name":"Observational equivalence","score":0.4452807605266571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-set","display_name":"Finite set","score":0.4377591907978058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric-space","display_name":"Metric space","score":0.4351904094219208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-polygon","display_name":"Regular polygon","score":0.43166327476501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-model","display_name":"Statistical model","score":0.43163591623306274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-hypothesis-testing","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","score":0.4136011302471161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4126836359500885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.31900227069854736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3161216378211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1231449544429779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.08560699224472046}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7541455626487732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.7185316681861877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.6675547957420349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5107393264770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.48980140686035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777721189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17121921","display_name":"Observational equivalence","level":2,"score":0.4452807605266571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162392398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272404","display_name":"Finite set","level":2,"score":0.4377591907978058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198043062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180953","display_name":"Metric space","level":2,"score":0.4351904094219208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.43166327476501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.43163591623306274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87007009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210832","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","level":2,"score":0.4136011302471161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4126836359500885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.31900227069854736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3161216378211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1231449544429779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.08560699224472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1314690.1314693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1314690.1314693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118992489","display_name":"Journal of the ACM","issn_l":"0004-5411","issn":["0004-5411","1557-735X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire_cris_publications/88878a86-9315-49e5-a3d3-0e3ac195c657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/88878a86-9315-49e5-a3d3-0e3ac195c657","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chueng, L, Stoelinga, M & Vaandrager, F 2007, 'A testing scenario for probabilistic processes', Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery, vol. 54, no. Suppl. 6, 29. https://doi.org/10.1145/1314690.1314693","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.ubn.ru.nl:2066/35234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2066/35234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401067","display_name":"Radboud Repository (Radboud University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","host_organization_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article / Letter to editor"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/230cb876-1528-418f-86b7-ab06d370e7d5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/230cb876-1528-418f-86b7-ab06d370e7d5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/88878a86-9315-49e5-a3d3-0e3ac195c657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W39337161","https://openalex.org/W135832138","https://openalex.org/W138290785","https://openalex.org/W179875050","https://openalex.org/W312756296","https://openalex.org/W1489725951","https://openalex.org/W1533361503","https://openalex.org/W1544900635","https://openalex.org/W1545761035","https://openalex.org/W1550638834","https://openalex.org/W1560643704","https://openalex.org/W1582292473","https://openalex.org/W1594563152","https://openalex.org/W1793726001","https://openalex.org/W1850900101","https://openalex.org/W1878342712","https://openalex.org/W1976268573","https://openalex.org/W1992580876","https://openalex.org/W2007275810","https://openalex.org/W2016403002","https://openalex.org/W2018236351","https://openalex.org/W2038373047","https://openalex.org/W2039139411","https://openalex.org/W2044194891","https://openalex.org/W2051580064","https://openalex.org/W2052170634","https://openalex.org/W2093397547","https://openalex.org/W2100893927","https://openalex.org/W2100914165","https://openalex.org/W2106934908","https://openalex.org/W2119122895","https://openalex.org/W2137865376","https://openalex.org/W2141345006","https://openalex.org/W2152206644","https://openalex.org/W2157144873","https://openalex.org/W2167624633","https://openalex.org/W2205337852","https://openalex.org/W2561675875","https://openalex.org/W2799002609","https://openalex.org/W2801026249","https://openalex.org/W4246266336","https://openalex.org/W4400533253","https://openalex.org/W6607372309"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3128161305","https://openalex.org/W2136241690","https://openalex.org/W1584995097","https://openalex.org/W2095407959","https://openalex.org/W3121259402","https://openalex.org/W2259436857","https://openalex.org/W4306985504","https://openalex.org/W4387527746","https://openalex.org/W4256548255","https://openalex.org/W2000219610"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,38],"introduce":[1],"a":[2,13],"notion":[3,51],"of":[4,15,52,72,75,92],"finite":[5,36,44],"testing,":[6],"based":[7],"on":[8],"statistical":[9],"hypothesis":[10],"tests,":[11],"via":[12],"variant":[14],"the":[16,57,65,73,78],"well-known":[17],"trace":[18,58,93],"machine.":[19],"Under":[20],"this":[21],"scenario,":[22],"two":[23],"processes":[24,40],"are":[25],"deemed":[26],"observationally":[27],"equivalent":[28],"if":[29],"they":[30],"cannot":[31],"be":[32],"distinguished":[33],"by":[34,62,82],"any":[35],"test.":[37],"consider":[39],"modeled":[41],"as":[42],"image":[43],"probabilistic":[45,76],"automata":[46],"and":[47,88],"prove":[48,86],"that":[49],"our":[50],"observational":[53],"equivalence":[54,60],"coincides":[55],"with":[56],"distribution":[59],"proposed":[61],"Segala.":[63],"Along":[64],"way,":[66],"we":[67],"give":[68],"an":[69,84,96],"explicit":[70],"characterization":[71],"set":[74],"generalize":[77],"Approximation":[79],"Induction":[80],"Principle":[81],"defining":[83],"also":[85],"limit":[87],"convex":[89],"closure":[90],"properties":[91],"distributions":[94],"in":[95],"appropriate":[97],"metric":[98],"space.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
