{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2029697180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1294211.1294252","title":"Specifying label layout style by example","display_name":"Specifying label layout style by example","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2029697180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1294211.1294252","mag":"2029697180"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1294211.1294252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1294211.1294252","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022375920","display_name":"Ian Vollick","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ian Vollick","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","University of Toronto, Toronto, On, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, On, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055522213","display_name":"Daniel Vogel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7620-0541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Vogel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","University of Toronto, Toronto, On, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, On, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045835385","display_name":"Maneesh Agrawala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8996-7327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maneesh Agrawala","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California: Berkeley, Berkeley, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California: Berkeley, Berkeley, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061237128","display_name":"Aaron Hertzmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9667-0292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aaron Hertzmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","University of Toronto, Toronto, On, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, On, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022375920"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9498437,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93248631,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"221","last_page":"230"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7625150680541992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.7335581183433533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5751352906227112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5705958604812622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.39969950914382935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.32766810059547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3195156455039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.19000732898712158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16354051232337952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.14324164390563965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7625150680541992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.7335581183433533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5751352906227112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5705958604812622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.39969950914382935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.32766810059547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3195156455039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.19000732898712158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16354051232337952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.14324164390563965}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1294211.1294252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1294211.1294252","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306151","display_name":"Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/052csg198"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336370","display_name":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496866746","https://openalex.org/W1513695137","https://openalex.org/W1515020792","https://openalex.org/W1523687995","https://openalex.org/W1761486063","https://openalex.org/W1969744418","https://openalex.org/W1976208596","https://openalex.org/W1979853448","https://openalex.org/W1991701776","https://openalex.org/W2010225880","https://openalex.org/W2022564930","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2024585795","https://openalex.org/W2102664288","https://openalex.org/W2123236823","https://openalex.org/W2128496306","https://openalex.org/W2137655192","https://openalex.org/W2145996207","https://openalex.org/W2147242071","https://openalex.org/W2161914416","https://openalex.org/W2166252986","https://openalex.org/W2169753586","https://openalex.org/W2233207476","https://openalex.org/W2612304202","https://openalex.org/W6680769966","https://openalex.org/W6683825394","https://openalex.org/W6737196483","https://openalex.org/W7009974208"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981780420","https://openalex.org/W2032233321","https://openalex.org/W2182707996","https://openalex.org/W45233828","https://openalex.org/W2964988449","https://openalex.org/W188202134","https://openalex.org/W3121970507","https://openalex.org/W2397952901","https://openalex.org/W2029380707","https://openalex.org/W2110028391"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Creating":[0],"high-quality":[1],"label":[2,101],"layouts":[3,35,74],"in":[4],"a":[5,10,43,48,52,82,98],"particular":[6],"visual":[7],"style":[8,50,60],"is":[9,25,94],"time-consuming":[11],"process.":[12],"Although":[13],"automated":[14],"labeling":[15,63],"algorithms":[16,30],"can":[17,46],"aid":[18],"the":[19,38],"layout":[20,55,102],"process,":[21],"expert":[22],"design":[23],"knowledge":[24],"required":[26],"to":[27,61,71],"tune":[28,76],"these":[29],"so":[31],"that":[32,91],"they":[33],"produce":[34],"which":[36,45],"meet":[37],"designer's":[39],"expectations.":[40],"We":[41,89],"propose":[42],"system":[44,80,93],"learn":[47],"labellayout":[49],"from":[51,104],"single":[53],"example":[54,73],"and":[56],"then":[57],"apply":[58],"this":[59],"new":[62],"problems.":[64],"Because":[65],"designers":[66],"find":[67],"it":[68],"much":[69],"easier":[70],"create":[72],"than":[75],"algorithmic":[77],"parameters,":[78],"our":[79,92],"provides":[81],"more":[83],"natural":[84],"workflow":[85],"for":[86],"graphic":[87],"designers.":[88],"demonstrate":[90],"capable":[95],"of":[96,100],"learning":[97],"variety":[99],"styles":[103],"examples.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-02-09T09:26:11.010843","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
