{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2038765730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1282480.1282482","title":"Query-by-example","display_name":"Query-by-example","publication_year":1975,"publication_date":"1975-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2038765730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1282480.1282482","mag":"2038765730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1282480.1282482","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1282480.1282482","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1282480.1282482","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Very Large Data Bases - VLDB '75","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1282480.1282482","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058380844","display_name":"Mosh\u00e9 M. Zloof","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mosh\u00e9 M. Zloof","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058380844"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.1141,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":239,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98747327,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8735731840133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-language","display_name":"Query language","score":0.8042545914649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rdf-query-language","display_name":"RDF query language","score":0.7928794622421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-optimization","display_name":"Query optimization","score":0.7350135445594788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-by-example","display_name":"Query by Example","score":0.6938719749450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sargable","display_name":"Sargable","score":0.6608726978302002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-database","display_name":"Relational database","score":0.6283347606658936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.612196683883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-expansion","display_name":"Query expansion","score":0.5673145055770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-query-language","display_name":"Object Query Language","score":0.5561875104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/view","display_name":"View","score":0.5532243251800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5522140264511108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-control-language","display_name":"Data control language","score":0.5251535773277283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-query-classification","display_name":"Web query classification","score":0.5166795253753662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.4605189561843872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4035613536834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.14521166682243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-design","display_name":"Database design","score":0.12966123223304749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06618484854698181}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8735731840133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192028432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845739","display_name":"Query language","level":2,"score":0.8042545914649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96956885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6138701","display_name":"RDF query language","level":5,"score":0.7928794622421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157692150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919848","display_name":"Query optimization","level":2,"score":0.7350135445594788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194222762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114486","display_name":"Query by Example","level":4,"score":0.6938719749450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192939062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104840822","display_name":"Sargable","level":4,"score":0.6608726978302002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.6283347606658936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.612196683883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99016210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5488129","display_name":"Query expansion","level":2,"score":0.5673145055770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117667704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2011708","display_name":"Object Query Language","level":5,"score":0.5561875104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54239708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1329910","display_name":"View","level":3,"score":0.5532243251800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5522140264511108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32977378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q604737","display_name":"Data control language","level":5,"score":0.5251535773277283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118689300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978614","display_name":"Web query classification","level":4,"score":0.5166795253753662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.4605189561843872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4035613536834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.14521166682243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148840519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049878","display_name":"Database design","level":2,"score":0.12966123223304749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06618484854698181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1282480.1282482","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1282480.1282482","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1282480.1282482","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Very Large Data Bases - VLDB '75","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1282480.1282482","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1282480.1282482","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1282480.1282482","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Very Large Data Bases - VLDB '75","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2038765730.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2038765730.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524668325","https://openalex.org/W2011466890","https://openalex.org/W2077207253","https://openalex.org/W2085832100","https://openalex.org/W2102458535","https://openalex.org/W2135352101","https://openalex.org/W2163887589","https://openalex.org/W2232207765","https://openalex.org/W4299625886","https://openalex.org/W6631393269","https://openalex.org/W6659855545","https://openalex.org/W6671813788","https://openalex.org/W6684239258","https://openalex.org/W6689392195"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4240833292","https://openalex.org/W4250894256","https://openalex.org/W2400419823","https://openalex.org/W1548279772","https://openalex.org/W644450836","https://openalex.org/W3036348878","https://openalex.org/W2991108389","https://openalex.org/W1504178769","https://openalex.org/W2334227691","https://openalex.org/W275517711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Query-by-Example":[0],"is":[1],"a":[2,10],"query":[3],"language":[4,22],"for":[5],"use":[6],"by":[7],"non-programmers":[8],"querying":[9],"relational":[11],"data":[12,31],"base.":[13],"In":[14],"an":[15],"earlier":[16],"paper,":[17],"the":[18,30,39],"features":[19],"of":[20],"this":[21],"were":[23],"introduced;":[24],"however,":[25],"it":[26],"was":[27,33],"assumed":[28],"that":[29],"base":[32],"already":[34],"defined":[35],"and":[36],"available":[37],"to":[38],"user.":[40]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}