{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2021208032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277363","title":"Automated synthesis of a fixed-length loaded symmetric dipole antenna whose gain exceeds that of a commercial antenna and matches the theoretical maximum","display_name":"Automated synthesis of a fixed-length loaded symmetric dipole antenna whose gain exceeds that of a commercial antenna and matches the theoretical maximum","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2021208032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277363","mag":"2021208032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1276958.1277363","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277363","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108872198","display_name":"John R. Koza","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John R. Koza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, Stanford, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, Stanford, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056423795","display_name":"Sameer H. Al-Sakran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171955805","display_name":"Genetic Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01jngdt03","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171955805"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sameer H. Al-Sakran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Genetic Programming: Inc., Mountain View, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Genetic Programming: Inc., Mountain View, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171955805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071201873","display_name":"Lee W. Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3716-8793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171955805","display_name":"Genetic Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01jngdt03","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171955805"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee W. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Genetic Programming: Inc., Mountain View, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Genetic Programming: Inc., Mountain View, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171955805"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042404279","display_name":"Greg Manassero","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Greg Manassero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Consultant, San Jose, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Consultant, San Jose, CA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2074","last_page":"2081"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9480000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.6488399505615234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dipole-antenna","display_name":"Dipole antenna","score":0.5996863842010498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-measurement","display_name":"Antenna measurement","score":0.5353600978851318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5254769921302795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-factor","display_name":"Antenna factor","score":0.5170491337776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-gain","display_name":"Antenna gain","score":0.5057613849639893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coaxial-antenna","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","score":0.4266428053379059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3157021999359131}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.6488399505615234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113145756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126859","display_name":"Dipole antenna","level":3,"score":0.5996863842010498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158616128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771260","display_name":"Antenna measurement","level":3,"score":0.5353600978851318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5254769921302795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196931383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771253","display_name":"Antenna factor","level":4,"score":0.5170491337776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81183938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251537","display_name":"Antenna gain","level":5,"score":0.5057613849639893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93130614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5138671","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","level":4,"score":0.4266428053379059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3157021999359131}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1276958.1277363","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277363","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.152.9010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.152.9010","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~wbl/biblio/gecco2007/docs/p2074.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8707290","https://openalex.org/W22410624","https://openalex.org/W76657729","https://openalex.org/W161064479","https://openalex.org/W165295313","https://openalex.org/W1480929314","https://openalex.org/W1490113584","https://openalex.org/W1535691782","https://openalex.org/W1542097965","https://openalex.org/W1556953029","https://openalex.org/W1568906816","https://openalex.org/W1570563254","https://openalex.org/W1595160473","https://openalex.org/W1647572132","https://openalex.org/W1812927916","https://openalex.org/W1850600123","https://openalex.org/W1888368980","https://openalex.org/W1982686915","https://openalex.org/W2000690667","https://openalex.org/W2006562083","https://openalex.org/W2011698647","https://openalex.org/W2055289715","https://openalex.org/W2080873752","https://openalex.org/W2098434993","https://openalex.org/W2139475137","https://openalex.org/W2153441899","https://openalex.org/W2304256796","https://openalex.org/W2561675875","https://openalex.org/W2598090759","https://openalex.org/W2613244405","https://openalex.org/W2914554951","https://openalex.org/W2915374867"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139367805","https://openalex.org/W2102354578","https://openalex.org/W4226336911","https://openalex.org/W2075512135","https://openalex.org/W786087918","https://openalex.org/W1980940157","https://openalex.org/W2585079837","https://openalex.org/W2060103715","https://openalex.org/W1741322229","https://openalex.org/W2050956127"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,11,36,76,90],"use":[4],"of":[5,28,43,48,69,78],"genetic":[6,49],"programming":[7,50],"to":[8],"automatically":[9],"synthesize":[10],"design":[12,71],"for":[13,40],"a":[14,23,29,59,95],"fixed-length":[15],"loaded":[16],"symmetric":[17],"dipole":[18],"antenna":[19,32,42,79],"whose":[20],"gain":[21],"at":[22],"specific":[24],"wavelength":[25],"exceeds":[26],"that":[27,34,54],"commercially-marketed":[30],"human-designed":[31],"and":[33,81],"reaches":[35],"theoretical":[37],"maximum":[38],"value":[39],"an":[41],"its":[44],"type.":[45],"The":[46,92],"run":[47,93],"started":[51],"\"from":[52],"scratch\"":[53],"is,":[55],"without":[56],"starting":[57],"from":[58,75,85],"pre-existing":[60],"human-created":[61],"design;":[62,80],"did":[63,82],"not":[64,83],"employ":[65],"any":[66,86],"knowledge":[67],"base":[68],"human":[70,87],"techniques":[72],"or":[73],"principles":[74],"field":[77],"benefit":[84],"intervention":[88],"during":[89],"run.":[91],"produced":[94],"human-competitive":[96],"result.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}