{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2163246860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277175","title":"A multi-objective approach to search-based test data generation","display_name":"A multi-objective approach to search-based test data generation","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2163246860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277175","mag":"2163246860"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1276958.1277175","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277175","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043336004","display_name":"Kiran Lakhotia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kiran Lakhotia","raw_affiliation_strings":["King's College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000019783","display_name":"Mark Harman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5864-4488"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Harman","raw_affiliation_strings":["King's College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078598020","display_name":"Phil McMinn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9137-7433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phil McMinn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043336004"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.5325,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":157,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98836413,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1098","last_page":"1105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7269542217254639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pareto-principle","display_name":"Pareto principle","score":0.5256184935569763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.4971628487110138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.49415090680122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","score":0.4837939441204071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4730849862098694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-data","display_name":"Test data","score":0.42786917090415955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-case","display_name":"Test case","score":0.4223613142967224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-computation","display_name":"Evolutionary computation","score":0.41188687086105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.23082882165908813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15713435411453247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7269542217254639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137635306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182667","display_name":"Pareto principle","level":2,"score":0.5256184935569763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4971628487110138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.49415090680122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.4837939441204071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4730849862098694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16910744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705759","display_name":"Test data","level":2,"score":0.42786917090415955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.4223613142967224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105902424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1197129","display_name":"Evolutionary computation","level":2,"score":0.41188687086105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.23082882165908813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15713435411453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1276958.1277175","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277175","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W98056105","https://openalex.org/W254944847","https://openalex.org/W1483912281","https://openalex.org/W1484473245","https://openalex.org/W1550894544","https://openalex.org/W1584947061","https://openalex.org/W1592447472","https://openalex.org/W1607768087","https://openalex.org/W1806739208","https://openalex.org/W1964372169","https://openalex.org/W1974394819","https://openalex.org/W1985403010","https://openalex.org/W1986749780","https://openalex.org/W2026701697","https://openalex.org/W2027945080","https://openalex.org/W2036838567","https://openalex.org/W2041470132","https://openalex.org/W2059204751","https://openalex.org/W2066671865","https://openalex.org/W2066867661","https://openalex.org/W2099497471","https://openalex.org/W2101512909","https://openalex.org/W2101629181","https://openalex.org/W2107109381","https://openalex.org/W2114869486","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2128010900","https://openalex.org/W2128705399","https://openalex.org/W2149695823","https://openalex.org/W2160306968","https://openalex.org/W2167159964","https://openalex.org/W2178151466","https://openalex.org/W2293616642","https://openalex.org/W4388727850","https://openalex.org/W6635364830"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4297582752","https://openalex.org/W4285805405","https://openalex.org/W2906115061","https://openalex.org/W2977596624","https://openalex.org/W85101999","https://openalex.org/W2145877535","https://openalex.org/W2744730182","https://openalex.org/W3134440233","https://openalex.org/W2751605210","https://openalex.org/W2068949283"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"has":[1,19],"been":[2,20],"a":[3,30,80,124],"considerable":[4],"body":[5],"of":[6,59,83,87],"work":[7,22],"on":[8,23],"search-based":[9],"test":[10,40,62],"data":[11],"generation":[12],"for":[13,94,115],"branch":[14,25,74,88],"coverage.":[15,26],"However,":[16],"hitherto,":[17],"there":[18],"no":[21],"multi-objective":[24,73,101,110],"In":[27],"many":[28],"scenarios":[29],"single-objective":[31],"formulation":[32],"is":[33],"unrealistic;":[34],"testers":[35],"will":[36],"want":[37],"to":[38,49],"find":[39],"sets":[41],"that":[42,109],"meet":[43],"several":[44],"objectives":[45,86],"simultaneously":[46],"in":[47,122],"order":[48],"maximize":[50],"the":[51,55,61,66,84,120,132,135],"value":[52],"obtained":[53],"from":[54,79],"inherently":[56],"expensive":[57],"process":[58],"running":[60],"cases":[63],"and":[64,90,97,118],"examining":[65],"output":[67],"they":[68],"produce.":[69],"This":[70],"paper":[71,76],"introduces":[72],"coverage.The":[75],"presents":[77],"results":[78,107],"case":[81],"study":[82],"twin":[85],"coverage":[89],"dynamic":[91],"memory":[92],"consumption":[93],"both":[95],"real":[96],"synthetic":[98],"programs.":[99],"Several":[100],"evolutionary":[102,111],"algorithms":[103,112],"are":[104,113],"applied.":[105],"The":[106],"show":[108],"suitable":[114],"this":[116],"problem,":[117],"illustrates":[119],"way":[121],"which":[123],"Pareto":[125],"optimal":[126],"search":[127],"can":[128],"yield":[129],"insights":[130],"into":[131],"trade-offs":[133],"between":[134],"two":[136],"simultaneous":[137],"objectives.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
