{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2111882953","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277013","title":"Coevolution of intelligent agents using cartesian genetic programming","display_name":"Coevolution of intelligent agents using cartesian genetic programming","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2111882953","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277013","mag":"2111882953"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1276958.1277013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277013","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060203725","display_name":"Gul Muhammad Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5646-9372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gul Muhammad Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of York, York, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, York, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077881387","display_name":"Julian F. Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7692-9655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Francis Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of York, York, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, York, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026981278","display_name":"David M. Halliday","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9957-0983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David M. Halliday","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of York, York, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, York, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060203725"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7956,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95899547,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"269","last_page":"276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9739999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6860654950141907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.6602990627288818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coevolution","display_name":"Coevolution","score":0.615860641002655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5852770805358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soma","display_name":"Soma","score":0.5777959823608398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3229850232601166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.23213839530944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.205563485622406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-biology","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","score":0.12811464071273804}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6860654950141907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.6602990627288818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33009525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208841","display_name":"Coevolution","level":2,"score":0.615860641002655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5852770805358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779617337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842429","display_name":"Soma","level":2,"score":0.5777959823608398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3229850232601166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.23213839530944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.205563485622406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.12811464071273804}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1276958.1277013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276958.1277013","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.216.5381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.216.5381","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~wbl/biblio/gecco2007/docs/p269.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W176688131","https://openalex.org/W1486894692","https://openalex.org/W1488737327","https://openalex.org/W1489863191","https://openalex.org/W1493245344","https://openalex.org/W1514100736","https://openalex.org/W1531938074","https://openalex.org/W1546662014","https://openalex.org/W1568232464","https://openalex.org/W1576818901","https://openalex.org/W1596643823","https://openalex.org/W1602260489","https://openalex.org/W1775913388","https://openalex.org/W2041189913","https://openalex.org/W2042959301","https://openalex.org/W2096456461","https://openalex.org/W2117564498","https://openalex.org/W2119644986","https://openalex.org/W2122410182","https://openalex.org/W2129129348","https://openalex.org/W2147502381","https://openalex.org/W2165305160","https://openalex.org/W2169803171","https://openalex.org/W2171937925","https://openalex.org/W2912046818","https://openalex.org/W2984808340","https://openalex.org/W3148499377","https://openalex.org/W3157409424","https://openalex.org/W4233183865","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6607133242","https://openalex.org/W6630845380","https://openalex.org/W6638085146","https://openalex.org/W6678087030","https://openalex.org/W6817966389","https://openalex.org/W6995974915","https://openalex.org/W7062258853"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3144412313","https://openalex.org/W2634235285","https://openalex.org/W2101180249","https://openalex.org/W2492504662","https://openalex.org/W2122994901","https://openalex.org/W2040277507","https://openalex.org/W200599908","https://openalex.org/W2151437643","https://openalex.org/W2020991882","https://openalex.org/W4389610483"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"coevolutionary":[1],"competitive":[2],"learning":[3,144,171],"environment":[4],"for":[5],"two":[6,160],"antagonistic":[7],"agents":[8,12,168],"is":[9,40,127,145],"presented.":[10],"The":[11,88,122,143],"are":[13,73],"controlled":[14],"by":[15,91],"a":[16,24,54,78,97,146,154],"new":[17],"kind":[18],"of":[19,27,38,47,56,61,80,124,132,136,148,156],"computational":[20],"network":[21,89],"based":[22],"on":[23],"compartmentalised":[25],"model":[26],"neurons.":[28],"We":[29],"have":[30,52],"taken":[31],"the":[32,35,62,93,130,133,149],"view":[33],"that":[34,166],"genetic":[36,81,134],"basis":[37],"neurons":[39,103],"an":[41],"important":[42],"[27]":[43],"and":[44,66,69,75,105,107,115,139],"neglected":[45],"aspect":[46],"previous":[48],"approaches.":[49],"Accordingly,":[50],"we":[51],"defined":[53],"collection":[55],"chromosomes":[57],"representing":[58],"various":[59],"aspects":[60],"neuron:":[63],"soma,":[64],"dendrites":[65],"axon":[67],"branches,":[68],"synaptic":[70,112],"connections.":[71],"Chromosomes":[72],"represented":[74],"evolved":[76],"using":[77],"form":[79,114],"programming":[82],"known":[83],"as":[84,153],"Cartesian":[85],"Genetic":[86],"Programming.":[87],"formed":[90],"running":[92],"chromosomal":[94],"programs":[95],"has":[96],"highly":[98],"dynamic":[99],"morphology":[100],"in":[101,117],"which":[102],"grow,":[104],"die,":[106],"neurite":[108],"branches":[109],"together":[110],"with":[111],"connections":[113],"change":[116],"response":[118],"to":[119,128],"environmental":[120],"interactions.":[121],"idea":[123],"this":[125],"paper":[126],"demonstrate":[129],"importance":[131],"transfer":[135],"learned":[137],"experience":[138],"life":[140],"time":[141],"learning.":[142],"consequence":[147],"complex":[150],"dynamics":[151],"produced":[152],"result":[155],"interaction":[157],"(coevolution)":[158],"between":[159],"intelligent":[161],"agents.":[162],"Our":[163],"results":[164],"show":[165],"both":[167],"exhibit":[169],"interesting":[170],"capabilities.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
