{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3137454621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276377.1276385","title":"Responsive characters from motion fragments","display_name":"Responsive characters from motion fragments","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-07-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3137454621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276377.1276385","mag":"3137454621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1276377.1276385","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276377.1276385","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018050000","display_name":"James McCann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4231-4142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James McCann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011046225","display_name":"Nancy S. Pollard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6464-839X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nancy Pollard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":29.8881,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":84,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9964044,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"3","first_page":"6","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-animation","display_name":"Character animation","score":0.8342711329460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.806983232498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skeletal-animation","display_name":"Skeletal animation","score":0.7782613039016724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.7693822383880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.6124991178512573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.6071200966835022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-capture","display_name":"Motion capture","score":0.5800737738609314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.5719242095947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5394786596298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-animation","display_name":"Computer animation","score":0.5078259110450745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.4883250892162323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.4824248254299164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.47238826751708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.42579877376556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.41446366906166077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.41164153814315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.40502282977104187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-facial-animation","display_name":"Computer facial animation","score":0.3184255361557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09429088234901428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.07962098717689514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90697248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062896","display_name":"Character animation","level":4,"score":0.8342711329460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.806983232498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44710944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813564","display_name":"Skeletal animation","level":5,"score":0.7782613039016724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.7693822383880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6124991178512573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6071200966835022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.5800737738609314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.5719242095947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5394786596298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69369342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401416","display_name":"Computer animation","level":3,"score":0.5078259110450745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4883250892162323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.4824248254299164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.47238826751708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.42579877376556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.41446366906166077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.41164153814315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.40502282977104187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138591656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157538","display_name":"Computer facial animation","level":4,"score":0.3184255361557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09429088234901428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.07962098717689514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1276377.1276385","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1276377.1276385","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966195676","https://openalex.org/W1982905909","https://openalex.org/W2019953692","https://openalex.org/W2026145270","https://openalex.org/W2078814903","https://openalex.org/W2087441489","https://openalex.org/W2104248535","https://openalex.org/W2116961487","https://openalex.org/W2121070199","https://openalex.org/W2128003332","https://openalex.org/W2132997613","https://openalex.org/W2163408698","https://openalex.org/W2169270879","https://openalex.org/W2234276177","https://openalex.org/W2291416520","https://openalex.org/W2593993668","https://openalex.org/W3004596153","https://openalex.org/W3017719915","https://openalex.org/W3137501626","https://openalex.org/W4205471895","https://openalex.org/W4213293964","https://openalex.org/W4231947169","https://openalex.org/W4248876013","https://openalex.org/W4249614167","https://openalex.org/W4250871402"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4251524041","https://openalex.org/W3094080214","https://openalex.org/W4210514273","https://openalex.org/W3169129874","https://openalex.org/W2097922480","https://openalex.org/W3088156289","https://openalex.org/W4390486539","https://openalex.org/W149887128","https://openalex.org/W2159681853","https://openalex.org/W3040900128"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"game":[1,161],"environments,":[2],"animated":[3],"character":[4,34,45,71],"motion":[5,63,77,81,173,180],"must":[6],"rapidly":[7],"adapt":[8],"to":[9,61,106,134,141,177],"changes":[10],"in":[11],"player":[12,89,101],"input":[13,90],"-":[14],"for":[15,43,52,113,187,192],"example,":[16],"if":[17],"a":[18,39,76,97,160],"directional":[19],"signal":[20],"from":[21,79,159],"the":[22,29,33,48,92,120,127,142,148,199],"player's":[23],"gamepad":[24],"is":[25,153,183],"not":[26],"incorporated":[27],"into":[28],"character's":[30],"trajectory":[31],"immediately,":[32],"may":[35],"blithely":[36],"run":[37],"off":[38],"ledge.":[40],"Traditional":[41],"schemes":[42],"data-driven":[44],"animation":[46,72,128,190],"lack":[47],"split-second":[49],"reactivity":[50],"required":[51],"this":[53,182],"direct":[54],"control;":[55],"while":[56],"they":[57],"can":[58],"be":[59],"made":[60],"work,":[62],"artifacts":[64],"will":[65],"result.":[66],"We":[67,118],"describe":[68],"an":[69,108,184],"on-line":[70,179],"controller":[73,133],"that":[74,135,168],"assembles":[75],"stream":[78],"short":[80],"fragments,":[82],"choosing":[83],"each":[84],"fragment":[85,116],"based":[86],"on":[87],"current":[88],"and":[91,140],"previous":[93],"fragment.":[94],"By":[95],"adding":[96],"simple":[98],"model":[99,124],"of":[100,122,147,202],"behavior":[102],"we":[103,164],"are":[104,175],"able":[105],"improve":[107],"existing":[109,138],"reinforcement":[110],"learning":[111],"method":[112],"precalculating":[114],"good":[115],"choices.":[117],"demonstrate":[119],"efficacy":[121],"our":[123,131],"by":[125,130,137],"comparing":[126],"selected":[129,136],"new":[132],"methods":[139],"optimal":[143],"selection,":[144],"given":[145],"knowledge":[146],"entire":[149],"path.":[150],"This":[151],"comparison":[152],"performed":[154],"over":[155],"real-world":[156],"data":[157],"collected":[158],"prototype.":[162],"Finally,":[163],"provide":[165],"results":[166],"indicating":[167],"occasional":[169],"low-quality":[170],"transitions":[171],"between":[172],"segments":[174],"crucial":[176],"high-quality":[178],"generation;":[181],"important":[185],"result":[186],"others":[188],"crafting":[189],"systems":[191],"directly-controlled":[193],"characters,":[194],"as":[195],"it":[196],"argues":[197],"against":[198],"common":[200],"practice":[201],"transition":[203],"thresholding.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
