{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2102171051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1254766.1254771","title":"Frequency-aware energy optimization for real-time periodic and aperiodic tasks","display_name":"Frequency-aware energy optimization for real-time periodic and aperiodic tasks","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2102171051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1254766.1254771","mag":"2102171051"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1254766.1254771","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1254766.1254771","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED conference on Languages, compilers, and tools for embedded systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112802629","display_name":"Xiliang Zhong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiliang Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wayne State University, Detroit, MI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wayne State University, Detroit, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012773300","display_name":"Chengzhong Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9480-0356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Zhong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wayne State University, Detroit, MI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wayne State University, Detroit, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1071,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87674769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"21","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aperiodic-graph","display_name":"Aperiodic graph","score":0.7951091527938843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7914355993270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-scaling","display_name":"Frequency scaling","score":0.6710031032562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5882697701454163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-voltage-scaling","display_name":"Dynamic voltage scaling","score":0.5701013803482056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5603508353233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5596491694450378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-minimization","display_name":"Energy minimization","score":0.5376355051994324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-processing-unit","display_name":"Central processing unit","score":0.5161052942276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-rate","display_name":"Clock rate","score":0.4426174461841583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4357939064502716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idle","display_name":"Idle","score":0.4150470495223999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4012744128704071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.34099119901657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.19363844394683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.14669156074523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08717015385627747}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104247578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4779368","display_name":"Aperiodic graph","level":2,"score":0.7951091527938843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7914355993270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157742956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3237776","display_name":"Frequency scaling","level":3,"score":0.6710031032562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5882697701454163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776047111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q632037","display_name":"Dynamic voltage scaling","level":3,"score":0.5701013803482056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5603508353233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5596491694450378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14961307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377176","display_name":"Energy minimization","level":2,"score":0.5376355051994324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49154492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5300","display_name":"Central processing unit","level":2,"score":0.5161052942276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178693496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911691","display_name":"Clock rate","level":3,"score":0.4426174461841583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4357939064502716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16320812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812200","display_name":"Idle","level":2,"score":0.4150470495223999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4012744128704071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.34099119901657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.19363844394683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.14669156074523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08717015385627747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147597530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369472","display_name":"Computational chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1254766.1254771","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1254766.1254771","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED conference on Languages, compilers, and tools for embedded systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W414151767","https://openalex.org/W1572920476","https://openalex.org/W1686420892","https://openalex.org/W1966770256","https://openalex.org/W2001959194","https://openalex.org/W2011024076","https://openalex.org/W2074405340","https://openalex.org/W2096707344","https://openalex.org/W2129685400","https://openalex.org/W2130367242","https://openalex.org/W2131060015","https://openalex.org/W2135985017","https://openalex.org/W2138305065","https://openalex.org/W2139613807","https://openalex.org/W2140999304","https://openalex.org/W2143906469","https://openalex.org/W2152647394","https://openalex.org/W2154616187","https://openalex.org/W2157296855","https://openalex.org/W2160258240","https://openalex.org/W2166745914","https://openalex.org/W2167285292","https://openalex.org/W4244439125","https://openalex.org/W6679627411"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2443567922","https://openalex.org/W2342710299","https://openalex.org/W3003444660","https://openalex.org/W2981984048","https://openalex.org/W2587244181","https://openalex.org/W79358250","https://openalex.org/W1997728251","https://openalex.org/W4236365030","https://openalex.org/W4237281620","https://openalex.org/W2070385207"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Energy":[0],"efficiency":[1],"is":[2,28,72,86,94,196],"an":[3,12,183],"important":[4],"factor":[5],"in":[6,165,188],"embedded":[7,13],"systems":[8],"design.":[9],"We":[10,35,128,170,193],"consider":[11],"system":[14,50,100],"with":[15],"a":[16,41,84,87,130,153,166,172],"dynamic":[17],"voltage":[18],"scaling":[19],"(DVS)":[20],"capable":[21],"processor":[22,32],"and":[23,33,55,60,123,136,139,181],"its":[24],"system-wide":[25,68,132],"power":[26,57],"consumption":[27,52],"dominated":[29],"by":[30],"the":[31,48,76,96,126,143,149,158,189],"memory.":[34],"present":[36],"speed":[37,185],"assignment":[38,186],"polices":[39],"for":[40,142],"set":[42],"of":[43,58,65,78,83,90,148,191],"periodic/aperiodic":[44],"tasks":[45,179],"that":[46,73,156],"minimize":[47],"overall":[49],"energy":[51,69,133],"including":[53],"active":[54],"idle":[56],"CPU":[59,91,122],"other":[61,99],"components.":[62],"A":[63],"limitation":[64],"most":[66],"DVS-based":[67],"optimization":[70],"techniques":[71],"they":[74],"assume":[75],"number":[77],"worst-case":[79],"execution":[80,115],"cycles":[81],"(WCEC)":[82],"task":[85,114,206],"constant,":[88],"independent":[89],"frequency.":[92],"This":[93],"not":[95],"case":[97],"when":[98],"components":[101],"such":[102],"as":[103],"memory":[104],"are":[105],"taken":[106],"into":[107,117],"account.":[108],"In":[109],"this":[110],"paper,":[111],"we":[112,151],"decompose":[113],"time":[116,168],"two":[118],"parts:":[119],"on-chip":[120],"inside":[121],"off-chip":[124],"outside":[125],"CPU.":[127],"propose":[129],"frequency-aware":[131],"minimization":[134],"approach":[135,175],"establish":[137],"necessary":[138],"sufficient":[140],"conditions":[141],"optimality.":[144],"By":[145],"exploiting":[146],"properties":[147],"conditions,":[150],"derive":[152],"bisection":[154],"algorithm":[155,187],"finds":[157],"optimal":[159,197],"solution":[160],"to":[161,176],"offline":[162],"periodict":[163],"asks":[164],"linear":[167],"complexity.":[169],"apply":[171],"similar":[173],"analytical":[174],"online":[177,200],"aperiodic":[178],"scheduling":[180],"devise":[182],"iterative":[184],"complexity":[190],"O(n2).":[192],"prove":[194],"it":[195],"among":[198],"all":[199],"algorithms":[201],"without":[202],"assumptions":[203],"about":[204],"future":[205],"releases.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}