{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005670604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1230819.1230841","title":"A history of the history of programming languages","display_name":"A history of the history of programming languages","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005670604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1230819.1230841","mag":"2005670604"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1230819.1230841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1230819.1230841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113728960","display_name":"Thomas J. Bergin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181401687","display_name":"American University","ror":"https://ror.org/052w4zt36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas J. (Tim) Bergin","raw_affiliation_strings":["American University, Washington, DC","American University, Washington DC;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American University, Washington, DC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"American University, Washington DC;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113728960"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5502,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88819433,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"5","first_page":"69","last_page":"74"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9550999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.947700023651123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shoulders","display_name":"Shoulders","score":0.6651582717895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5088815689086914}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777325788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16363","display_name":"Shoulders","level":2,"score":0.6651582717895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5088815689086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1230819.1230841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1230819.1230841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986964879","https://openalex.org/W2023907376","https://openalex.org/W2068114250","https://openalex.org/W2175341627","https://openalex.org/W3021971982","https://openalex.org/W3034566726","https://openalex.org/W3149207769","https://openalex.org/W4211207107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2097168487","https://openalex.org/W2069513325","https://openalex.org/W2097970179","https://openalex.org/W2791520673","https://openalex.org/W1144894844","https://openalex.org/W1914928029","https://openalex.org/W2050109828","https://openalex.org/W2137863352","https://openalex.org/W2157786957"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\"If":[0],"I":[1],"have":[2],"seen":[3],"further":[4],"it":[5],"is":[6],"by":[7],"standing":[8],"on":[9],"the":[10],"shoulders":[11],"of":[12],"giants.\"":[13],"---Isaac":[14],"Newton,":[15],"in":[16],"a":[17],"letter":[18],"to":[19],"Robert":[20],"Hooke,":[21],"Feb.":[22],"15,":[23],"1676":[24]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
