{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2082173922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1228716.1228736","title":"Comparing a computer agent with a humanoid robot","display_name":"Comparing a computer agent with a humanoid robot","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2082173922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1228716.1228736","mag":"2082173922"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1228716.1228736","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1228716.1228736","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072706197","display_name":"Aaron Powers","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aaron Powers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111980175","display_name":"Sara Kiesler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Kiesler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089448650","display_name":"Susan R. Fussell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8980-5232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan Fussell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024807032","display_name":"Cristen Torrey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristen Torrey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072706197"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.6634,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":341,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98861779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"145","last_page":"152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.8922885060310364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humanoid-robot","display_name":"Humanoid robot","score":0.7472029328346252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.623240053653717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-robot","display_name":"Social robot","score":0.5991443395614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5570517182350159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4706270694732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.4508780837059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-robot","display_name":"Personal robot","score":0.41012558341026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot-control","display_name":"Robot control","score":0.3844900131225586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3648127019405365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.8922885060310364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60692881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584529","display_name":"Humanoid robot","level":3,"score":0.7472029328346252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.623240053653717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162947575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2005645","display_name":"Social robot","level":5,"score":0.5991443395614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5570517182350159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4706270694732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.4508780837059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168402607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072119","display_name":"Personal robot","level":5,"score":0.41012558341026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65401140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353385","display_name":"Robot control","level":4,"score":0.3844900131225586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3648127019405365}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1228716.1228736","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1228716.1228736","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.93.3484","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.93.3484","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~ctorrey/PowersHRI2007.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W198483076","https://openalex.org/W1208694027","https://openalex.org/W1480750554","https://openalex.org/W1530381786","https://openalex.org/W1847116623","https://openalex.org/W2009179612","https://openalex.org/W2018372581","https://openalex.org/W2020513728","https://openalex.org/W2023580352","https://openalex.org/W2032127212","https://openalex.org/W2048935305","https://openalex.org/W2071854134","https://openalex.org/W2079320007","https://openalex.org/W2085821487","https://openalex.org/W2089184583","https://openalex.org/W2100520583","https://openalex.org/W2114550714","https://openalex.org/W2119266893","https://openalex.org/W2131452180","https://openalex.org/W2133537867","https://openalex.org/W2136757566","https://openalex.org/W2140321175","https://openalex.org/W2140971489","https://openalex.org/W2413509892","https://openalex.org/W3134043158","https://openalex.org/W3205595721","https://openalex.org/W6627936137"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2175869054","https://openalex.org/W177694623","https://openalex.org/W2724299411","https://openalex.org/W2164234705","https://openalex.org/W2081361781","https://openalex.org/W4200073071","https://openalex.org/W1886477626","https://openalex.org/W2108809812","https://openalex.org/W218732962","https://openalex.org/W2175714038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"HRI":[0,38,153],"researchers":[1],"interested":[2],"in":[3,10,61,95],"social":[4,48],"robots":[5,22],"have":[6],"made":[7],"large":[8,105],"investments":[9],"humanoid":[11],"robots.":[12,167],"There":[13],"is":[14],"still":[15],"sparse":[16],"evidence":[17],"that":[18,31,147],"peoples'":[19],"responses":[20,26,60],"to":[21,27,36],"differ":[23],"from":[24],"their":[25,141],"computer":[28,68,74,162],"agents,":[29],"suggesting":[30],"agent":[32,52,69],"studies":[33],"might":[34],"serve":[35],"test":[37],"hypotheses.":[39],"To":[40],"help":[41],"us":[42],"understand":[43],"the":[44,96,118,123,130,137],"difference":[45],"between":[46],"people's":[47,59],"interactions":[49],"with":[50,65,117,122,129,136],"an":[51],"and":[53,104,114,127,140,161],"a":[54,62,67,73,79,82,88,92,101],"robot,":[55,120,126],"we":[56],"experimentally":[57],"compared":[58],"health":[63],"interview":[64],"(a)":[66],"projected":[70,85,124],"either":[71],"on":[72,78,87],"monitor":[75],"or":[76,90],"life-size":[77,86],"screen,":[80,89],"(b)":[81],"remote":[83,125,159],"robot":[84,94,139],"(c)":[91],"collocated":[93,119,138,157],"same":[97],"room.":[98],"We":[99,149],"found":[100],"few":[102],"behavioral":[103],"attitude":[106],"differences":[107],"across":[108],"these":[109],"conditions.":[110],"Participants":[111],"forgot":[112],"more":[113,134],"disclosed":[115],"least":[116],"next":[121],"then":[128],"agent.":[131],"They":[132],"spent":[133],"time":[135],"attitudes":[142],"were":[143],"most":[144],"positive":[145],"toward":[146],"robot.":[148],"discuss":[150],"tradeoffs":[151],"for":[152],"research":[154],"of":[155,166],"using":[156],"robots,":[158,160],"agents":[163],"as":[164],"proxies":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
