{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2159841559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1190095.1190131","title":"A realistic simulation of internet-scale events","display_name":"A realistic simulation of internet-scale events","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2159841559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1190095.1190131","mag":"2159841559"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1190095.1190131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1190095.1190131","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Performance evaluation methodolgies and tools  - valuetools '06","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028539723","display_name":"Songjie Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4086-1334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86501945","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Songjie Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Delaware, Newark, DE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Delaware, Newark, DE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103177278","display_name":"Jelena Mirkovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7462-8747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86501945","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jelena Mirkovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Delaware, Newark, DE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Delaware, Newark, DE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028539723"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4143,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90396014,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"28","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.808682918548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.7697360515594482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7575281858444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replicate","display_name":"Replicate","score":0.68585205078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.6810045838356018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.5607086420059204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.5444889664649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5113820433616638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5106757283210754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-layer","display_name":"Internet layer","score":0.467743456363678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-topology","display_name":"Internet topology","score":0.44818001985549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granularity","display_name":"Granularity","score":0.441893607378006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host","display_name":"Host (biology)","score":0.42821961641311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.38743793964385986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3571857810020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.29697510600090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-protocol","display_name":"Internet Protocol","score":0.2815678119659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.16063526272773743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12757477164268494}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.808682918548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.7697360515594482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7575281858444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781162219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26250693","display_name":"Replicate","level":2,"score":0.68585205078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.6810045838356018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.5607086420059204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.5444889664649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5113820433616638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5106757283210754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146739243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2910948","display_name":"Internet layer","level":4,"score":0.467743456363678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99237066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092610","display_name":"Internet topology","level":3,"score":0.44818001985549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177774035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246948","display_name":"Granularity","level":2,"score":0.441893607378006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126831891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673","display_name":"Host (biology)","level":2,"score":0.42821961641311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38743793964385986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3571857810020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.29697510600090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35341882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8795","display_name":"Internet Protocol","level":3,"score":0.2815678119659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.16063526272773743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12757477164268494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1190095.1190131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1190095.1190131","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Performance evaluation methodolgies and tools  - valuetools '06","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308928","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71235019","https://openalex.org/W132371169","https://openalex.org/W1273292464","https://openalex.org/W1481841369","https://openalex.org/W1484738311","https://openalex.org/W1498585374","https://openalex.org/W1507383979","https://openalex.org/W1540641082","https://openalex.org/W1577574532","https://openalex.org/W1980065740","https://openalex.org/W2031006315","https://openalex.org/W2047968172","https://openalex.org/W2050353626","https://openalex.org/W2056470605","https://openalex.org/W2083477206","https://openalex.org/W2087425938","https://openalex.org/W2100654168","https://openalex.org/W2103315222","https://openalex.org/W2107156992","https://openalex.org/W2110329047","https://openalex.org/W2115505574","https://openalex.org/W2116603913","https://openalex.org/W2121020193","https://openalex.org/W2134006599","https://openalex.org/W2152701897","https://openalex.org/W2156593273","https://openalex.org/W2156916299","https://openalex.org/W2158733823","https://openalex.org/W2162071412","https://openalex.org/W2168874936","https://openalex.org/W2170818004","https://openalex.org/W2177058407","https://openalex.org/W2736447401"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4254851101","https://openalex.org/W3171007296","https://openalex.org/W22115721","https://openalex.org/W2211931904","https://openalex.org/W2321234655","https://openalex.org/W2154523322","https://openalex.org/W2083200807","https://openalex.org/W2065444835","https://openalex.org/W2470062578","https://openalex.org/W2354047051"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Internet-scale":[0,164],"security":[1],"incidents":[2],"are":[3],"becoming":[4],"increasingly":[5],"common,":[6],"and":[7,14,27,82,112,133],"the":[8,44,48,53,75,78,83,116],"researchers":[9],"need":[10],"tools":[11],"to":[12,51,121,129,161],"replicate":[13,32],"study":[15,130],"them":[16],"in":[17],"a":[18,36,61,70,122,147,152],"controlled":[19],"setting.":[20],"Current":[21],"network":[22],"simulators,":[23],"mathematical":[24],"event":[25,131],"models":[26],"testbed":[28],"emulation":[29],"cannot":[30],"faithfully":[31],"events":[33],"at":[34,94],"such":[35],"large":[37],"scale.":[38],"They":[39],"either":[40],"omit":[41],"or":[42],"simplify":[43],"relevant":[45],"features":[46],"of":[47,91,107],"Internet":[49,72,92,108,154],"environment":[50],"meet":[52],"scale":[54],"challenge,":[55],"thus":[56],"compromising":[57],"fidelity.":[58],"We":[59],"present":[60],"distributed":[62],"worm":[63,142],"spread":[64,143],"simulator,":[65],"called":[66],"PAWS,":[67],"that":[68,125,156],"builds":[69],"realistic":[71,153],"model,":[73,155],"including":[74],"AS-level":[76],"topology,":[77],"limited":[79],"link":[80],"bandwidths,":[81],"legitimate":[84],"traffic":[85],"patterns.":[86],"PAWS":[87,138],"can":[88,126,157],"support":[89],"diversity":[90,111],"participants":[93],"any":[95],"desired":[96],"granularity,":[97],"because":[98],"it":[99,145],"simulates":[100],"each":[101],"vulnerable":[102],"host":[103],"individually.":[104],"Faithful":[105],"replication":[106],"environment,":[109],"its":[110,113],"interaction":[114],"with":[115,151],"simulated":[117],"event,":[118],"all":[119],"lead":[120],"high-fidelity":[123],"simulation":[124],"be":[127,158],"used":[128],"dynamics":[132],"evaluate":[134],"possible":[135],"defenses.":[136],"While":[137],"is":[139,146],"customized":[140],"for":[141],"simulation,":[144],"modular":[148],"large-scale":[149],"simulator":[150],"easily":[159],"extended":[160],"simulate":[162],"other":[163],"events.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}