{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2117470854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1187976.1187977","title":"Minos","display_name":"Minos","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2117470854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1187976.1187977","mag":"2117470854"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1187976.1187977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1187976.1187977","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1187976.1187977","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1187976.1187977","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043229300","display_name":"Jedidiah R. Crandall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7864-2992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jedidiah R. Crandall","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Davis, Davis, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Davis, Davis, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088633029","display_name":"S. Felix Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4644-569X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Felix Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Davis, Davis, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Davis, Davis, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083979678","display_name":"Frederic T. Chong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9282-4645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederic T. Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Davis and Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California","University of California at Davis and Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Davis and Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Davis and Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.2445,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97776783,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"4","first_page":"359","last_page":"389"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7974756956100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minos","display_name":"MINOS","score":0.717514157295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.6688937544822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pentium","display_name":"Pentium","score":0.5639882683753967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-flow","display_name":"Control flow","score":0.4662657380104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linux-kernel","display_name":"Linux kernel","score":0.43077582120895386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.35532498359680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3453184962272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2856217622756958}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7974756956100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780314645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654219","display_name":"MINOS","level":4,"score":0.717514157295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.6688937544822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46268123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214314","display_name":"Pentium","level":2,"score":0.5639882683753967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160191386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868299","display_name":"Control flow","level":2,"score":0.4662657380104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553261973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14579","display_name":"Linux kernel","level":2,"score":0.43077582120895386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.35532498359680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3453184962272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2856217622756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107966497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q509021","display_name":"Neutrino oscillation","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186453547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2126","display_name":"Neutrino","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1187976.1187977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1187976.1187977","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1187976.1187977","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1187976.1187977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1187976.1187977","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1187976.1187977","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2117470854.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2117470854.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1112477","https://openalex.org/W1498585374","https://openalex.org/W1499241274","https://openalex.org/W1520961854","https://openalex.org/W1555915743","https://openalex.org/W1559155956","https://openalex.org/W1587340728","https://openalex.org/W1655226010","https://openalex.org/W1726304021","https://openalex.org/W1736607886","https://openalex.org/W1941427975","https://openalex.org/W2006419855","https://openalex.org/W2036601091","https://openalex.org/W2036709951","https://openalex.org/W2040234252","https://openalex.org/W2065076704","https://openalex.org/W2083477206","https://openalex.org/W2090181646","https://openalex.org/W2098010707","https://openalex.org/W2100198871","https://openalex.org/W2100530163","https://openalex.org/W2100666033","https://openalex.org/W2101699859","https://openalex.org/W2102902405","https://openalex.org/W2102970979","https://openalex.org/W2103919170","https://openalex.org/W2106887144","https://openalex.org/W2108255910","https://openalex.org/W2109143222","https://openalex.org/W2109219878","https://openalex.org/W2112806752","https://openalex.org/W2117115928","https://openalex.org/W2117747343","https://openalex.org/W2123886726","https://openalex.org/W2124314659","https://openalex.org/W2132461047","https://openalex.org/W2134296086","https://openalex.org/W2135143063","https://openalex.org/W2137622193","https://openalex.org/W2154220454","https://openalex.org/W2165100126","https://openalex.org/W2171264329","https://openalex.org/W2549850320","https://openalex.org/W2752929869","https://openalex.org/W3031914594","https://openalex.org/W3142074656","https://openalex.org/W4229524341","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4299301436","https://openalex.org/W6631165357"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972560491","https://openalex.org/W2548576047","https://openalex.org/W2794772518","https://openalex.org/W1597195064","https://openalex.org/W2951222895","https://openalex.org/W3125649407","https://openalex.org/W3099101507","https://openalex.org/W2008258423","https://openalex.org/W1534644390","https://openalex.org/W2135947393"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,198],"present":[1,200],"Minos,":[2],"a":[3,79,99,102,131,135,149,175,201,214],"microarchitecture":[4],"that":[5,20,41,62,182,206],"implements":[6],"Biba's":[7],"low":[8],"water-mark":[9],"integrity":[10,66,77],"policy":[11,180],"on":[12,48,130,140,143,178,210],"individual":[13],"words":[14],"of":[15,67,123,204],"data.":[16,58],"Minos":[17,63,124,155,205],"stops":[18],"attacks":[19,171],"corrupt":[21],"control":[22,27,72,85,95],"data":[23,37,40,53,83,98,112],"to":[24,32,55,92,226,230],"hijack":[25],"program":[26,46,80],"flow,":[28],"but":[29,70],"is":[30,38,42,61,134],"orthogonal":[31],"the":[33,45,65,82,118,141,179,227,232],"memory":[34,238],"model.":[35],"Control":[36],"any":[39,52,187],"loaded":[43],"into":[44],"counter":[47],"control-flow":[49],"transfer,":[50],"or":[51],"used":[54],"calculate":[56],"such":[57,114,189],"The":[59],"key":[60],"tracks":[64],"all":[68],"data,":[69],"protects":[71],"flow":[73],"by":[74,106],"checking":[75],"this":[76,192],"when":[78],"uses":[81],"for":[84,125],"transfer.":[86],"Existing":[87],"policies,":[88],"in":[89,117,186,217],"contrast,":[90],"need":[91],"differentiate":[93],"between":[94,108],"and":[96,110,159,169,195,223,235],"noncontrol":[97],"priori":[100],",":[101],"task":[103],"made":[104,185],"impossible":[105],"coercions":[107],"pointers":[109],"other":[111],"types,":[113],"as":[115,190,220,222],"integers":[116],"C":[119],"language.":[120],"Our":[121,153],"implementation":[122,203],"Red":[126],"Hat":[127],"Linux":[128,138,158,228],"6.2":[129],"Pentium-based":[132],"emulator":[133],"stable,":[136],"usable":[137],"system":[139],"network":[142],"which":[144],"we":[145],"are":[146],"currently":[147],"running":[148,157],"web":[150],"server":[151],"(http://minos.cs.ucdavis.edu).":[152],"emulated":[154],"systems":[156],"Windows":[160],"have":[161,172],"stopped":[162],"ten":[163],"actual":[164],"attacks.":[165],"Extensive":[166],"full-system":[167],"testing":[168],"real-world":[170],"given":[173],"us":[174],"unique":[176],"perspective":[177],"tradeoffs":[181],"must":[183],"be":[184],"system,":[188],"Minos;":[191],"paper":[193],"details":[194],"discusses":[196],"these.":[197],"also":[199],"microarchitectural":[202],"achieves":[207],"negligible":[208],"impact":[209],"cycle":[211],"time":[212],"with":[213],"small":[215],"investment":[216],"die":[218],"area,":[219],"well":[221],"minor":[224],"changes":[225],"kernel":[229],"handle":[231],"tag":[233],"bits":[234],"perform":[236],"virtual":[237],"swapping.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}