{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156550843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1185657.1185783","title":"Sketch based interfaces","display_name":"Sketch based interfaces","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156550843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1185657.1185783","mag":"2156550843"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1185657.1185783","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1185657.1185783","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses on   - SIGGRAPH '06","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005565161","display_name":"Tevfik Metin Sezgin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1524-1646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tevfik Metin Sezgin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075345503","display_name":"Thomas F. Stahovich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7547-1187"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Stahovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["CMU, Pittsburgh, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CMU, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112777557","display_name":"Randall Davis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randall Davis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005565161"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.338,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":108,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99192897,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"22","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9563999772071838,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.925599992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7432243824005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.7268565893173218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5110267400741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4767918586730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.35961318016052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33577293157577515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.07378995418548584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7432243824005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.7268565893173218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5110267400741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4767918586730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35961318016052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33577293157577515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.07378995418548584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1185657.1185783","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1185657.1185783","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses on   - SIGGRAPH '06","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495971627","https://openalex.org/W1529958467","https://openalex.org/W1551377873","https://openalex.org/W1566193143","https://openalex.org/W1566300336","https://openalex.org/W1978235861","https://openalex.org/W2024196580","https://openalex.org/W2038691774","https://openalex.org/W2051768896","https://openalex.org/W2068091162","https://openalex.org/W2083983263","https://openalex.org/W2087131138","https://openalex.org/W2119117620","https://openalex.org/W2145271156","https://openalex.org/W2153360297","https://openalex.org/W2160054344","https://openalex.org/W3000063644"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2775347418","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Freehand":[0],"sketching":[1],"is":[2,13,57,69],"a":[3,41,45,77],"natural":[4,53],"and":[5,28,34],"crucial":[6],"part":[7],"of":[8,30,32,40,61,96],"everyday":[9],"human":[10],"interaction,":[11],"yet":[12,56],"almost":[14],"totally":[15],"unsupported":[16],"by":[17],"current":[18],"user":[19,46],"interfaces.":[20],"We":[21],"are":[22],"working":[23],"to":[24,43,98],"combine":[25],"the":[26,37,62,71,80],"flexibility":[27],"ease":[29],"use":[31],"paper":[33,86],"pencil":[35],"with":[36],"processing":[38,102],"power":[39],"computer,":[42],"produce":[44],"interface":[47],"for":[48,103],"design":[49],"that":[50,92],"feels":[51],"as":[52,54],"paper,":[55],"considerably":[58],"smarter.":[59],"One":[60],"most":[63],"basic":[64],"steps":[65],"in":[66,76],"accomplishing":[67],"this":[68,85],"converting":[70],"original":[72],"digitized":[73],"pen":[74],"strokes":[75],"sketch":[78],"into":[79],"intended":[81],"geometric":[82],"objects.":[83],"In":[84],"we":[87],"describe":[88],"an":[89],"implemented":[90],"system":[91],"combines":[93],"multiple":[94],"sources":[95],"knowledge":[97],"provide":[99],"robust":[100],"early":[101],"freehand":[104],"sketching.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}