{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2146171549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1180875.1180948","title":"Unobtrusive but invasive","display_name":"Unobtrusive but invasive","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2146171549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1180875.1180948","mag":"2146171549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1180875.1180948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1180875.1180948","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008178107","display_name":"John Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0603-3877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John C. Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, San Jose, CA","[IBM Research, San Jose, CA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, San Jose, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IBM Research, San Jose, CA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023276896","display_name":"Sophia B. Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sophia B. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026028381","display_name":"Michael M\u00fcller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7860-163X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087032","display_name":"Cambridge Scientific (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/001s4dh65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Muller","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, Cambridge, MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087032"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083112512","display_name":"James Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0841-3646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, San Jose, CA","[IBM Research, San Jose, CA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, San Jose, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IBM Research, San Jose, CA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031814046","display_name":"Clemens Drews","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clemens Drews","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, San Jose, CA","[IBM Research, San Jose, CA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, San Jose, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IBM Research, San Jose, CA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008178107"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7786,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93265479,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"479","last_page":"482"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7933534383773804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6168398261070251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.5777550339698792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.557693362236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.46610909700393677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-users","display_name":"Computer users","score":0.46192309260368347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.4376702308654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.41697120666503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09006538987159729}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7933534383773804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6168398261070251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5777550339698792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.557693362236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.46610909700393677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017393390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278368","display_name":"Computer users","level":2,"score":0.46192309260368347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4376702308654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.41697120666503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09006538987159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1180875.1180948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1180875.1180948","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1729809391","https://openalex.org/W2027975836","https://openalex.org/W2036625316","https://openalex.org/W2120076005","https://openalex.org/W2155891434","https://openalex.org/W2382362183","https://openalex.org/W2913412703","https://openalex.org/W4300068207","https://openalex.org/W6758945821"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4283262748","https://openalex.org/W2369033652","https://openalex.org/W2502773048","https://openalex.org/W1979668694","https://openalex.org/W48866389","https://openalex.org/W2117651364","https://openalex.org/W3112533414","https://openalex.org/W2490481324","https://openalex.org/W2548260733","https://openalex.org/W1569314909"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,101],"explored":[1],"the":[2,59,67,73,79,109,123],"use":[3,21],"of":[4,32,36,49,69,72,98,119],"computer":[5,38,80,120],"screen":[6,50],"plus":[7],"audio":[8],"recording":[9,28,51],"as":[10],"a":[11,33],"methodological":[12],"approach":[13],"for":[14],"collecting":[15,31],"empirical":[16,117],"data":[17,118],"on":[18,52],"how":[19],"teams":[20],"their":[22],"computers":[23],"to":[24,57,88,91,93,105,111,114],"coordinate":[25],"work.":[26],"Screen":[27],"allowed":[29],"unobtrusive":[30],"rich":[34],"record":[35],"actual":[37],"work":[39,44,64],"activity":[40],"in":[41,95,122],"its":[42],"natural":[43],"setting.":[45],"The":[46],"embedded":[47],"nature":[48],"laptops":[53],"made":[54,85],"it":[55,86],"easy":[56],"follow":[58],"user's":[60,74],"mobility":[61],"among":[62],"various":[63],"sites.":[65],"However,":[66],"invasiveness":[68],"seeing":[70],"all":[71],"interactions":[75],"with":[76,108],"and":[77],"through":[78],"raised":[81],"privacy":[82],"concerns":[83],"that":[84],"difficult":[87],"find":[89],"people":[90],"agree":[92],"participate":[94],"this":[96,115],"type":[97],"detailed":[99],"study.":[100],"discuss":[102],"measures":[103],"needed":[104],"develop":[106],"trust":[107],"researchers":[110],"enable":[112],"access":[113],"rich,":[116],"usage":[121],"field.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-10T23:39:48.068659","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
