{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2083132077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179849.1179980","title":"Real-time soft shadows with cone culling","display_name":"Real-time soft shadows with cone culling","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2083132077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179849.1179980","mag":"2083132077"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1179849.1179980","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179849.1179980","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Sketches on   - SIGGRAPH '06","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020453160","display_name":"Louis Bavoil","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Louis Bavoil","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah and Sony Computer Entertainment America, Graphics R&D","University of Utah and Sony Computer Entertainment America, Graphics R&D#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah and Sony Computer Entertainment America, Graphics R&D","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah and Sony Computer Entertainment America, Graphics R&D#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003584200","display_name":"Claudio Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-2295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cl\u00e1udio T. Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah","University of Utah,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020453160"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.183,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88288752,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"105","last_page":"105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadow-mapping","display_name":"Shadow mapping","score":0.8484020233154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6632941961288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadow","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","score":0.6549731492996216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6460520625114441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5870602130889893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5809163451194763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5228115320205688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5206441283226013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-tracing","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","score":0.49627381563186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frustum","display_name":"Frustum","score":0.4926951229572296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounding-overwatch","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","score":0.4904610812664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polygon","display_name":"Polygon (computer graphics)","score":0.4760308563709259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-illumination","display_name":"Global illumination","score":0.43003422021865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shader","display_name":"Shader","score":0.42776575684547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.29471051692962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.26279324293136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24331605434417725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.2320811152458191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2142239212989807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.1721794605255127}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116544410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478122","display_name":"Shadow mapping","level":2,"score":0.8484020233154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6632941961288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117797892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286363","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6549731492996216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6460520625114441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5870602130889893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5809163451194763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5228115320205688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5206441283226013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121483023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7298343","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.49627381563186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97402662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846235","display_name":"Frustum","level":2,"score":0.4926951229572296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63584917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333286","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","level":2,"score":0.4904610812664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190694206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276654","display_name":"Polygon (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.4760308563709259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89720835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1531701","display_name":"Global illumination","level":3,"score":0.43003422021865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177681979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633182","display_name":"Shader","level":3,"score":0.42776575684547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.29471051692962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26279324293136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24331605434417725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.2320811152458191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2142239212989807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.1721794605255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1179849.1179980","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179849.1179980","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Sketches on   - SIGGRAPH '06","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.121.7068","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.121.7068","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.sci.utah.edu/~bavoil/research/shadows/bavoil_sketch06.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003648864","https://openalex.org/W2022552637","https://openalex.org/W2146903434"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988787011","https://openalex.org/W2354416014","https://openalex.org/W2061921958","https://openalex.org/W2370288103","https://openalex.org/W4365460447","https://openalex.org/W2276924039","https://openalex.org/W2172805108","https://openalex.org/W2886929983","https://openalex.org/W2354646400","https://openalex.org/W2361529671"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,89],"have":[1],"developed":[2],"a":[3,12,27,91,97,124,138],"new":[4],"physically-based":[5],"technique":[6],"for":[7,15,151],"computing":[8],"soft":[9],"shadows":[10],"from":[11,36],"shadow":[13,28,34,56],"map":[14],"spherical":[16],"lights.":[17],"Shadow-map":[18],"samples":[19,142],"unprojected":[20],"into":[21],"world-space":[22],"(micro-patches)":[23],"are":[24],"culled":[25,65],"against":[26],"cone":[29],"wrapping":[30],"all":[31],"the":[32,37,40,48,70,75,79,82,86,105,108,111,115,133],"possible":[33],"rays":[35],"light":[38,87,116],"to":[39,103,149],"surface":[41],"location.":[42],"Because":[43],"of":[44,60,78,85,114,141],"this":[45],"volumetric":[46],"test,":[47],"algorithm":[49,106],"handles":[50],"self-shadowing":[51],"more":[52],"robustly":[53],"than":[54],"traditional":[55],"mapping.":[57],"The":[58],"amount":[59],"shadowing":[61],"contributed":[62],"by":[63,69,74],"each":[64,100],"micro-patch":[66,80],"is":[67,135],"approximated":[68],"solid":[71,83],"angle":[72,84],"subtended":[73],"bounding":[76],"sphere":[77],"over":[81],"source.":[88],"describe":[90],"real-time":[92],"implementation":[93],"running":[94],"entirely":[95],"on":[96],"GPU.":[98],"For":[99],"image":[101],"pixel":[102,109],"shadow,":[104],"projects":[107],"onto":[110],"near":[112],"plane":[113],"frustum,":[117],"and":[118],"looks":[119],"up":[120],"occluding":[121],"micro-patches":[122],"in":[123],"dynamic":[125],"disk":[126],"kernel.":[127],"To":[128],"guarantee":[129],"constant":[130],"frame":[131],"rates,":[132],"kernel":[134],"sampled":[136],"using":[137],"fixed":[139],"number":[140],"per":[143],"pixel.":[144],"Our":[145],"results":[146],"compare":[147],"favorably":[148],"ray-tracing":[150],"images":[152],"with":[153],"no":[154],"overlapping":[155],"shadows.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}