{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2051511611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179849.1179908","title":"Simplified tree lighting using aggregate normals","display_name":"Simplified tree lighting using aggregate normals","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2051511611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179849.1179908","mag":"2051511611"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1179849.1179908","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179849.1179908","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Sketches on   - SIGGRAPH '06","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015195721","display_name":"Scott Peterson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2114-202X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Scott Peterson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dream Works Animation SKG"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dream Works Animation SKG","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100662306","display_name":"L. Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-335X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawrence Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dream Works Animation SKG"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dream Works Animation SKG","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015195721"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3575,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65315131,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"47","last_page":"47"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9692999720573425,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9692999720573425,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12496","display_name":"Color perception and design","score":0.9175999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9175000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy","display_name":"Canopy","score":0.7559307813644409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shading","display_name":"Shading","score":0.694137454032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.6548865437507629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.6299182176589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.559464693069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5219773054122925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-canopy","display_name":"Tree canopy","score":0.49861884117126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hedge","display_name":"Hedge","score":0.44602692127227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4118122458457947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32959526777267456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32952868938446045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.2047211229801178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.18195289373397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.14739736914634705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botany","display_name":"Botany","score":0.10391536355018616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.08668118715286255}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.7559307813644409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177515723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191981","display_name":"Shading","level":2,"score":0.694137454032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.6548865437507629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.6299182176589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.559464693069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5219773054122925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39807119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134228","display_name":"Tree canopy","level":3,"score":0.49861884117126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70771513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235779","display_name":"Hedge","level":2,"score":0.44602692127227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4118122458457947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32959526777267456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32952868938446045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.2047211229801178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.18195289373397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.14739736914634705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.10391536355018616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.08668118715286255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1179849.1179908","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179849.1179908","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Sketches on   - SIGGRAPH '06","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045211767","https://openalex.org/W2056219210","https://openalex.org/W2383716249","https://openalex.org/W23916517","https://openalex.org/W4386506415","https://openalex.org/W2497950047","https://openalex.org/W1998329507","https://openalex.org/W2053112303","https://openalex.org/W3004500891","https://openalex.org/W3208027284"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Trees":[0],"have":[1],"earned":[2],"a":[3,23,36,50,61,77],"reputation":[4],"among":[5],"lighting":[6,34],"artists":[7],"for":[8,57],"being":[9],"difficult":[10],"to":[11],"light":[12],"in":[13],"an":[14],"appealing":[15,79],"way.":[16],"A":[17],"tree":[18,80],"canopy":[19,37],"is":[20],"composed":[21],"of":[22,25,35,52,60,71],"myriad":[24],"leaves":[26],"facing":[27],"random":[28],"directions.":[29],"Without":[30],"shadows,":[31],"standard":[32],"diffuse":[33],"yields":[38,76],"unappealing":[39],"visual":[40],"noise.In":[41],"Over":[42],"the":[43,58,68],"Hedge":[44],"and":[45],"Shrek":[46],"III,":[47],"we":[48],"derive":[49],"set":[51],"aggregate":[53],"normals":[54],"that":[55],"account":[56],"shape":[59],"leaf":[62,73],"canopy.":[63],"Combining":[64],"this":[65],"normal":[66,70],"with":[67],"geometry":[69],"each":[72],"before":[74],"shading":[75],"more":[78],"shape.":[81]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
