{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2132779253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179474.1179485","title":"Virtual monotonic counters and count-limited objects using a TPM without a trusted OS","display_name":"Virtual monotonic counters and count-limited objects using a TPM without a trusted OS","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2132779253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179474.1179485","mag":"2132779253"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1179474.1179485","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179474.1179485","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the first ACM workshop on Scalable trusted computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038445971","display_name":"Luis F. G. Sarmenta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis F. G. Sarmenta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075756968","display_name":"Marten van Dijk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9388-8050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marten van Dijk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Charles W. O'Donnell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles W. O'Donnell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015294078","display_name":"Jonathan Rhodes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Rhodes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000525449","display_name":"Srinivas Devadas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8253-7714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srinivas Devadas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3282,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":101,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98003976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"27","last_page":"42"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6619547009468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trusted-platform-module","display_name":"Trusted Platform Module","score":0.6477146148681641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-anonymous-attestation","display_name":"Direct Anonymous Attestation","score":0.5152993202209473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monotonic-function","display_name":"Monotonic function","score":0.4555536210536957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trusted-computing","display_name":"Trusted Computing","score":0.4402185082435608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.36702609062194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.33021003007888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11061885952949524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6619547009468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202775310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140366","display_name":"Trusted Platform Module","level":2,"score":0.6477146148681641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169796023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3708936","display_name":"Direct Anonymous Attestation","level":3,"score":0.5152993202209473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72169020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194404","display_name":"Monotonic function","level":2,"score":0.4555536210536957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776831232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q966812","display_name":"Trusted Computing","level":2,"score":0.4402185082435608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.36702609062194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.33021003007888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11061885952949524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1179474.1179485","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1179474.1179485","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the first ACM workshop on Scalable trusted computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.135.8086","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.135.8086","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://csail.mit.edu/~devadas/pubs/ccs-stc06.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.194.1318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.194.1318","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://people.csail.mit.edu/cwo/publications/ccs-stc06.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.297.9338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.297.9338","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://people.csail.mit.edu/cwo/publications/mit-csail-tr-2006-064.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W174223721","https://openalex.org/W1010126439","https://openalex.org/W1508188242","https://openalex.org/W1533716120","https://openalex.org/W1562002170","https://openalex.org/W1566345534","https://openalex.org/W1572490799","https://openalex.org/W1582476714","https://openalex.org/W1601001795","https://openalex.org/W1791023610","https://openalex.org/W1978183200","https://openalex.org/W2026025311","https://openalex.org/W2036601091","https://openalex.org/W2060189343","https://openalex.org/W2075120766","https://openalex.org/W2082222018","https://openalex.org/W2087080998","https://openalex.org/W2111712517","https://openalex.org/W2117913278","https://openalex.org/W2132473264","https://openalex.org/W2140972824","https://openalex.org/W2246699230","https://openalex.org/W2264014029","https://openalex.org/W2265795915","https://openalex.org/W2292006739","https://openalex.org/W2561675875","https://openalex.org/W4206314719","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6626228342","https://openalex.org/W6633819675","https://openalex.org/W6638479339","https://openalex.org/W6665549558","https://openalex.org/W6693194479"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355956995","https://openalex.org/W1497930374","https://openalex.org/W2401283869","https://openalex.org/W2354645290","https://openalex.org/W2387334916","https://openalex.org/W2129893877","https://openalex.org/W1523853636","https://openalex.org/W1729172517","https://openalex.org/W2349798035","https://openalex.org/W2005280227"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"trusted":[1,33,74],"monotonic":[2,55,165],"counter":[3,166],"is":[4,167],"a":[5,10,49,62,73,79,106,118,169],"valuable":[6],"primitive":[7],"that":[8,20,82,121,156],"enables":[9],"wide":[11],"variety":[12],"of":[13,53,90,105],"highly":[14],"scalable":[15],"offline":[16,29],"and":[17,35,94,127,153,185,202,207],"decentralized":[18],"applications":[19],"would":[21],"otherwise":[22],"be":[23,84,159],"prone":[24],"to":[25,110,116,130,139],"replay":[26],"attacks,":[27],"including":[28],"payment,":[30],"e-wallets,":[31],"virtual":[32,54,164],"storage,":[34],"digital":[36,194,198],"rights":[37,195],"management":[38,196],"(DRM).":[39],"In":[40],"this":[41],"paper,":[42],"we":[43],"show":[44,101],"how":[45,102],"one":[46],"can":[47,83,157],"implement":[48,117,140],"very":[50],"large":[51],"number":[52],"counters":[56],"on":[57,72],"an":[58,162],"untrusted":[59],"machine":[60],"with":[61,86],"Trusted":[63],"Platform":[64],"Module":[65],"(TPM)":[66],"or":[67],"similar":[68],"device,":[69],"without":[70],"relying":[71],"OS.":[75],"We":[76,99],"first":[77],"present":[78],"log-based":[80,132],"scheme":[81,120],"implemented":[85],"the":[87,91,103,111,131],"current":[88],"version":[89],"TPM":[92,112],"(1.2)":[93],"used":[95,160],"in":[96,193],"certain":[97,170],"applications.":[98],"then":[100],"addition":[104],"few":[107],"simple":[108],"features":[109],"makes":[113,136],"it":[114,137],"possible":[115,138],"hash-tree-based":[119],"not":[122],"only":[123,158],"offers":[124],"improved":[125],"performance":[126],"scalability":[128],"compared":[129],"scheme,":[133],"but":[134],"also":[135],"count-limited":[141,173],"objects":[142,155,174],"(or":[143],"\u201cclobs":[144],"\u201d":[145],"for":[146],"short)":[147],"\u2013":[148],"i.e.,":[149],"encrypted":[150],"keys,":[151,178],"data,":[152],"other":[154,186,203],"when":[161],"associated":[163],"within":[168],"range.":[171],"Such":[172],"include":[175],"n-time":[176],"use":[177],"n-out-of-m":[179],"data":[180],"blobs,":[181],"n-copy":[182],"migratable":[183],"objects,":[184],"variants,":[187],"which":[188],"have":[189],"many":[190],"potential":[191],"uses":[192],"(DRM),":[197],"cash,":[199],"itinerant":[200],"computing,":[201],"application":[204],"areas.":[205],"Categories":[206],"Subject":[208],"Descriptors:":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
