{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2165393831","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1177080.1177125","title":"Malware prevalence in the KaZaA file-sharing network","display_name":"Malware prevalence in the KaZaA file-sharing network","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2165393831","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1177080.1177125","mag":"2165393831"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1177080.1177125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1177080.1177125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084473174","display_name":"Seungwon Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1077-5606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seungwon Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETRI, Daejeon, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETRI, Daejeon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066707136","display_name":"Jaeyeon Jung","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaeyeon Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mazu Networks, Cambridge, MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mazu Networks, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113516878","display_name":"Hari Balakrishnan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110987","display_name":"IIT@MIT","ror":"https://ror.org/01wp8zh54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326","https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hari Balakrishnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084473174"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.4502,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98135457,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"333","last_page":"338"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.8354980945587158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7881628274917603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/file-sharing","display_name":"File sharing","score":0.5988795757293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backdoor","display_name":"Backdoor","score":0.537519097328186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host","display_name":"Host (biology)","score":0.5047780275344849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botnet","display_name":"Botnet","score":0.48831984400749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-virus","display_name":"Computer virus","score":0.42387834191322327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ssh-file-transfer-protocol","display_name":"SSH File Transfer Protocol","score":0.41222625970840454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blacklist","display_name":"Blacklist","score":0.4107198119163513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.37899112701416016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.3606691360473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.36007142066955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/file-system","display_name":"File system","score":0.27752137184143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.24874815344810486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-certifying-file-system","display_name":"Self-certifying File System","score":0.09994122385978699}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.8354980945587158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7881628274917603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C551386961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22666","display_name":"File sharing","level":3,"score":0.5988795757293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781045450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254569","display_name":"Backdoor","level":2,"score":0.537519097328186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126831891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673","display_name":"Host (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5047780275344849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22735295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317671","display_name":"Botnet","level":3,"score":0.48831984400749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19407854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485","display_name":"Computer virus","level":2,"score":0.42387834191322327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88520388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126823","display_name":"SSH File Transfer Protocol","level":4,"score":0.41222625970840454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781345505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2535979","display_name":"Blacklist","level":2,"score":0.4107198119163513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.37899112701416016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.3606691360473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.36007142066955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780940931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174989","display_name":"File system","level":2,"score":0.27752137184143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.24874815344810486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82820731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2640620","display_name":"Self-certifying File System","level":3,"score":0.09994122385978699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1177080.1177125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1177080.1177125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.95.4879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.95.4879","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.imconf.net/imc-2006/papers/p34-shin.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66493054","https://openalex.org/W1556925457","https://openalex.org/W1923632190","https://openalex.org/W2018324865","https://openalex.org/W2066855322","https://openalex.org/W2110530236","https://openalex.org/W2148425093","https://openalex.org/W2150669728","https://openalex.org/W2160968921","https://openalex.org/W2165151117","https://openalex.org/W2916086000","https://openalex.org/W3145042860","https://openalex.org/W6676494893","https://openalex.org/W6683557588"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W147191163","https://openalex.org/W2156567299","https://openalex.org/W2354260768","https://openalex.org/W152250693","https://openalex.org/W2199790280","https://openalex.org/W178246171","https://openalex.org/W2144010943","https://openalex.org/W2097118208","https://openalex.org/W2558192934","https://openalex.org/W2342627122"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"more":[3,93,205],"than":[4,94,206],"200":[5],"viruses":[6],"have":[7],"been":[8],"reported":[9],"to":[10,104,174,203],"use":[11],"a":[12,18,54,147,163],"peer-to-peer":[13],"(P2P)":[14],"file-sharing":[15,61],"network":[16,81,101,145],"as":[17,22],"propagation":[19,76],"vector.":[20],"Disguised":[21],"files":[23,96,125,208],"that":[24,118,137,169,182],"are":[25],"frequently":[26],"exchanged":[27],"over":[28,119,183],"P2P":[29,72,80,144],"networks,":[30],"these":[31,170],"malicious":[32,114,135],"programs":[33,136],"infect":[34],"the":[35,46,59,65,74,79,84,99,123,134,142,156,180],"user\u2019s":[36,47,164],"host":[37],"if":[38],"downloaded":[39],"and":[40,83],"opened,":[41],"leaving":[42],"their":[43,218],"copies":[44],"in":[45,69,78,102,141,209],"sharing":[48],"folder":[49],"for":[50,58],"further":[51],"propagation.":[52],"Using":[53],"light-weight":[55],"crawler":[56],"built":[57],"KaZaA":[60,100,143],"network,":[62,73],"we":[63,116,138],"study":[64],"prevalence":[66],"of":[67,86,112,122,133,186],"malware":[68],"this":[70],"popular":[71],"malware\u2019s":[75],"behavior":[77],"environment":[82],"characteristics":[85],"infected":[87,127,187,213],"hosts.":[88],"We":[89],"gathered":[90],"information":[91],"about":[92],"500,000":[95],"returned":[97],"by":[98,128,179],"response":[103],"24":[105],"common":[106],"query":[107],"strings.":[108],"With":[109],"364":[110],"signatures":[111],"known":[113],"programs,":[115],"found":[117],"15":[120],"%":[121,185],"crawled":[124],"were":[126,172,189],"52":[129],"different":[130],"viruses.":[131],"Many":[132],"find":[139],"active":[140],"open":[146],"backdoor":[148],"through":[149],"which":[150],"an":[151,210],"attacker":[152],"can":[153],"remotely":[154],"control":[155],"compromised":[157],"machine,":[158],"send":[159,175],"spam,":[160],"or":[161],"steal":[162],"confidential":[165],"information.":[166],"The":[167],"assertion":[168],"hosts":[171,188,214],"used":[173],"spam":[176,193],"was":[177],"supported":[178],"fact":[181],"70":[184],"listed":[190],"on":[191],"DNS-based":[192],"black-lists.":[194],"Our":[195],"measurement":[196],"method":[197],"is":[198],"efficient:":[199],"it":[200],"enables":[201],"us":[202],"investigate":[204],"30,000":[207],"hour,":[211],"identifying":[212],"without":[215],"directly":[216],"accessing":[217],"file":[219],"system.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
