{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2074755311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1165485.1165526","title":"Permission and authorization in normative multiagent systems","display_name":"Permission and authorization in normative multiagent systems","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2074755311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1165485.1165526","mag":"2074755311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1165485.1165526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1165485.1165526","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Artificial intelligence and law","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034537294","display_name":"Guido Boella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-3379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guido Boella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 di Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 di Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015670661","display_name":"Leendert van der Torre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4330-3717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leendert van der Torre","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Technology, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034537294"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6536,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93097374,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"236","last_page":"237"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9682000279426575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10927","display_name":"Access Control and Trust","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permission","display_name":"Permission","score":0.989728569984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authorization","display_name":"Authorization","score":0.8702516555786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normative","display_name":"Normative","score":0.768113911151886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5796349048614502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deontic-logic","display_name":"Deontic logic","score":0.5618945360183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4996333122253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-system","display_name":"Multi-agent system","score":0.42510080337524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3940736651420593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.38882631063461304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.2724899649620056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.2709401845932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1838890016078949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.13304144144058228}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779089604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7169333","display_name":"Permission","level":2,"score":0.989728569984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108759981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788590","display_name":"Authorization","level":2,"score":0.8702516555786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44725695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288156","display_name":"Normative","level":2,"score":0.768113911151886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5796349048614502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6377922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302542","display_name":"Deontic logic","level":2,"score":0.5618945360183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4996333122253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.42510080337524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3940736651420593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.38882631063461304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2724899649620056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2709401845932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1838890016078949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.13304144144058228}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1165485.1165526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1165485.1165526","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Artificial intelligence and law","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1787555264","https://openalex.org/W1978246972","https://openalex.org/W2080575678","https://openalex.org/W2133011683","https://openalex.org/W2157689518","https://openalex.org/W4210822710","https://openalex.org/W6644947460"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389565698","https://openalex.org/W2136545799","https://openalex.org/W3110297192","https://openalex.org/W186850240","https://openalex.org/W3206124074","https://openalex.org/W2015010295","https://openalex.org/W2194288774","https://openalex.org/W1605133021","https://openalex.org/W1893328537","https://openalex.org/W2064795081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"distinction":[1,55,116],"between":[2,117],"the":[3,12,54,58,63,80,115,118],"notions":[4],"of":[5,60,68,83],"permission":[6,46,91,112],"and":[7,126],"authorization":[8,76],"is":[9,19,96,120],"subtle.":[10],"In":[11],"Cambridge":[13],"Advanced":[14],"Learner's":[15],"Dictionary":[16],"[4]":[17],"permitting":[18],"\"to":[20,23,42],"allow":[21],"something\",":[22],"make":[24],"it":[25],"possible":[26],"for":[27,100],"someone":[28,44],"to":[29,33,47],"do":[30,48],"something,":[31],"or":[32,73,88,98,104],"not":[34,78],"prevent":[35],"something":[36],"from":[37,113],"happening\",":[38],"while":[39,86],"authorizing":[40],"means":[41],"give":[43],"official":[45],"something\".":[49],"Law":[50],"studies":[51],"argue":[52],"that":[53,71],"goes":[56],"beyond":[57],"\"officiality\"":[59],"authorization.":[61],"E.g.,":[62],"Del":[64],"Giudice":[65],"[5]'s":[66],"dictionary":[67],"law":[69],"argues":[70],"adding":[72,87,103],"removing":[74,89,105],"an":[75,84],"does":[77],"change":[79,94],"normative":[81],"status":[82],"agent":[85],"a":[90],"does.":[92],"Authorizations":[93],"what":[95],"obligatory":[97],"permitted":[99],"agents":[101],"without":[102],"norms.":[106],"However,":[107],"though":[108],"legal":[109],"philosophers":[110],"distinguish":[111],"authorization,":[114],"two":[119],"ignored":[121],"in":[122],"many":[123],"(agent)":[124],"theories":[125],"systems.":[127],"How":[128],"can":[129],"this":[130],"apparent":[131],"paradox":[132],"be":[133],"explained?":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}