{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2054910354","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1161366.1161381","title":"Achieving subspace or key security for WOA using natural or circular watermarking","display_name":"Achieving subspace or key security for WOA using natural or circular watermarking","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2054910354","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1161366.1161381","mag":"2054910354"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1161366.1161381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1161366.1161381","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 8th workshop on Multimedia and security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012748071","display_name":"Patrick Bas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-5872"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Bas","raw_affiliation_strings":["CIS Helsinki University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CIS Helsinki University of Technology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015357432","display_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Cayre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6634-9147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312486979","display_name":"Local Initiatives Support Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/04r5g1376","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312486979"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Cayre","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIS/INPG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIS/INPG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312486979"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5777,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83590505,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"5681","issue":null,"first_page":"80","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.9293012619018555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.8038791418075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.7939401865005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6902492046356201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6763608455657959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.508019208908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4750616252422333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.47408854961395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42723268270492554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.24251294136047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17181357741355896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.9293012619018555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.8038791418075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.7939401865005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6902492046356201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6763608455657959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.508019208908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4750616252422333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.47408854961395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42723268270492554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.24251294136047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17181357741355896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1161366.1161381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1161366.1161381","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 8th workshop on Multimedia and security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492963300","https://openalex.org/W1546618167","https://openalex.org/W1548802052","https://openalex.org/W1576573853","https://openalex.org/W1578893750","https://openalex.org/W1997425880","https://openalex.org/W2022639481","https://openalex.org/W2036488048","https://openalex.org/W2107465879","https://openalex.org/W2139490206","https://openalex.org/W2141224535","https://openalex.org/W2160921333","https://openalex.org/W2162752880","https://openalex.org/W2164173644","https://openalex.org/W2222512263","https://openalex.org/W2752853835","https://openalex.org/W2942228371"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749","https://openalex.org/W2361184779"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"two":[3],"watermarking":[4,39,61,90,106],"schemes":[5,40,151],"that":[6,65],"are":[7,48,71,153],"secure":[8,73],"when":[9],"considering":[10],"the":[11,27,56,75,110,115,125,130,137,144,193],"Watermarked":[12],"content":[13],"Only":[14],"Attack":[15],"(WOA)":[16],"framework.":[17,77],"The":[18],"definition":[19],"of":[20,58,114,117,124,140,148,168,178],"watermark":[21,126],"security":[22,33,57,82],"is":[23,41,173],"first":[24],"recalled":[25,50],"and":[26,31,63,68,129,155,176,186],"distinction":[28],"between":[29],"key-security":[30],"subspace-":[32],"classes":[34],"for":[35,182],"Spread":[36],"Spectrum":[37],"(SS)":[38],"presented":[42],"afterwards.":[43],"Blind":[44],"source":[45],"separation":[46],"techniques":[47],"also":[49],"as":[51],"a":[52,59,88,158],"tool":[53],"to":[54,99,142,161,196],"assess":[55],"SS":[60,67,70,185],"scheme":[62,91],"prove":[64,97],"classical":[66],"Improved":[69],"not":[72,108],"within":[74],"WOA":[76],"To":[78],"further":[79],"illustrate":[80],"these":[81],"issues,":[83],"we":[84],"next":[85,174],"build":[86],"on":[87,171,192],"new":[89],"called":[92],"Natural":[93,105],"Watermarking":[94,150],"(NW).":[95],"We":[96,134],"it":[98],"be":[100],"subspace-secure":[101],"under":[102],"specific":[103],"hypotheses.":[104],"does":[107],"change":[109],"Gaussian":[111],"natural":[112],"distributions":[113],"projection":[116],"each":[118],"carriers.":[119],"Furthermore":[120],"NWprevents":[121],"estimations":[122],"both":[123],"subspace":[127],"(subspace-security)":[128],"different":[131],"carriers":[132],"(key-security).":[133],"then":[135],"extend":[136],"nice":[138],"properties":[139],"NW":[141],"derive":[143],"more":[145],"general":[146],"family":[147],"Circular":[149],"which":[152],"key-secure":[154],"may":[156],"offer":[157],"better":[159],"robustness":[160,194],"AWGN":[162],"attack":[163],"than":[164],"NW.":[165],"An":[166],"implementation":[167],"CW":[169],"based":[170],"ISS":[172,187],"proposed":[175],"comparison":[177],"bit":[179],"error":[180],"rates":[181],"NW,":[183],"CW,":[184],"finally":[188],"draws":[189],"some":[190],"conclusions":[191],"cost":[195],"achieve":[197],"security.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}