{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2042876500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1151588.1151593","title":"What do teachers teach in introductory programming?","display_name":"What do teachers teach in introductory programming?","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2042876500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1151588.1151593","mag":"2042876500"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1151588.1151593","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1151588.1151593","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the second international workshop on Computing education research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038084384","display_name":"Carsten Schulte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3009-4904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","display_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/046ak2485","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carsten Schulte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany","(Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084661961","display_name":"Jens Bennedsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3014-7567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110263422","display_name":"University West","ror":"https://ror.org/0257kt353","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110263422"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Bennedsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["IT University West, Aarhus, Denmark","IT University West, Aarhus, Denmark#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IT University West, Aarhus, Denmark","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IT University West, Aarhus, Denmark#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110263422"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038084384"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.9717,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":180,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98447392,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"17","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9591000080108643,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13937","display_name":"Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6324384212493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.5956338047981262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4245303273200989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.15807467699050903}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6324384212493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5956338047981262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4245303273200989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.15807467699050903}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1151588.1151593","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1151588.1151593","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the second international workshop on Computing education research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/2cf0334b-76f2-4adc-87b2-87be3d81f3ec","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/2cf0334b-76f2-4adc-87b2-87be3d81f3ec","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Schulte, C & Bennedsen, J 2006, What do Teachers Teach in Introductory Programming? in Proceedings of ICER\u00b406: The Second International Computing Education Research Workshop. ACM Press New York, NY, USA, pp. 17-28, The Second International Computing Education Research Workshop, Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom, 09/09/2006.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1576372819","https://openalex.org/W1975294938","https://openalex.org/W1977001755","https://openalex.org/W1991817972","https://openalex.org/W2003408566","https://openalex.org/W2003531092","https://openalex.org/W2010317027","https://openalex.org/W2020996221","https://openalex.org/W2038598927","https://openalex.org/W2040307845","https://openalex.org/W2042820786","https://openalex.org/W2044061856","https://openalex.org/W2045536097","https://openalex.org/W2049914467","https://openalex.org/W2068067223","https://openalex.org/W2082719072","https://openalex.org/W2097096523","https://openalex.org/W2147070375","https://openalex.org/W2147903644","https://openalex.org/W2158081248","https://openalex.org/W2168795140","https://openalex.org/W2176513605","https://openalex.org/W2573894086","https://openalex.org/W2971138923","https://openalex.org/W3038129137","https://openalex.org/W3217611625","https://openalex.org/W4250233395","https://openalex.org/W4252855028","https://openalex.org/W4255345345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,125,223],"this":[1,126],"article,":[2],"we":[3,91,128,160,236],"try":[4],"to":[5,39,52,60,142,174,195,225,233,290],"create":[6],"a":[7,99,117,148,215,230,238,268,318,324],"general,":[8],"worldwide":[9],"picture":[10,151],"of":[11,69,105,116,152,164,179,211,214,219,229,261,283,309,320,326],"teachers'":[12,153],"opinion":[13],"about":[14,28],"what":[15,34,41,46,55,71,76,191],"should":[16],"be":[17],"taught":[18,107,198],"in":[19,86,108,155,169,185],"introductory":[20,87,109,157],"programming":[21,88,110,158,294,304],"courses.":[22],"We":[23],"focus":[24,205,291],"on":[25,113,208,292,301,328],"the":[26,57,79,138,162,167,193,196,212,220,227,246,249,259,272,281,307,330],"debate":[27],"restructuring":[29],"CS1.":[30],"The":[31,172],"study":[32],"explores":[33],"teachers":[35,279],"believe":[36],"is":[37,56,192,206,312,315],"important":[38,277],"teach,":[40,44],"they":[42,188,257],"actually":[43],"and":[45,75,137,190,305],"students":[47],"find":[48,83],"most":[49],"difficult":[50,84],"(according":[51,141],"their":[53],"teachers).":[54],"general":[58,285],"approach":[59],"teaching":[61,156,284,288,302,314,329],"(programming":[62],"language,":[63],"IDE,":[64],"object-orientation":[65],"or":[66,123],"not,":[67],"type":[68],"institution),":[70],"topics":[72,96,106,197],"are":[73,187],"taught,":[74],"role":[77,163],"do":[78],"areas":[80,178,183],"that":[81,313],"novices":[82],"play":[85],"course.In":[89],"addition,":[90],"explore":[92],"how":[93],"these":[94,182],"specific":[95],"fit":[97],"into":[98],"larger":[100],"conceptual":[101],"classification:":[102],"Earlier":[103],"studies":[104],"focuses":[111],"only":[112,317],"one":[114,218],"dimension":[115],"given":[118,207],"topic":[119,131],"-":[120,199,263,274],"either":[121],"relevance":[122],"difficulty.":[124],"study,":[127],"evaluate":[129],"each":[130],"regarding":[132],"three":[133],"dimensions:":[134],"relevance,":[135],"difficulty":[136],"cognitive":[139],"level":[140],"Bloom's":[143],"taxonomy).":[144],"This":[145],"allows":[146],"giving":[147],"more":[149],"faceted":[150],"beliefs":[154],"courses.Furthermore,":[159],"assess":[161],"findings":[165],"from":[166],"eighties":[168],"today's":[170],"teaching:":[171],"need":[173],"understand":[175],"five":[176,221],"different":[177],"programming.":[180],"Are":[181],"still":[184],"focus;":[186],"relevant,":[189],"connection":[194],"especially":[200],"object-oriented":[201],"(OO)":[202,216],"topics?A":[203],"special":[204],"students'":[209],"understanding":[210],"execution":[213],"program;":[217],"areas.":[222],"order":[224],"connect":[226],"ideas":[228],"notional":[231,250,269],"machine":[232,270],"OO":[234,303],"concepts":[235],"present":[237],"four":[239],"levelled":[240],"competence":[241],"hierarchy":[242,308],"for":[243,267,271,298],"object-interaction.Teachers":[244],"assessed":[245,258],"area":[247],"'understanding":[248],"machine'":[251],"as":[252,265,275],"least":[253],"important.":[254],"Despite":[255],"this,":[256],"herachy":[260],"object-interaction":[262],"meant":[264],"basis":[266],"OO-paradigm":[273],"an":[276],"aspect.Although":[278],"stress":[280],"importance":[282],"abstract":[286],"structures,":[287],"seems":[289],"concrete":[293],"issues.":[295],"A":[296],"conclusion":[297],"further":[299],"research":[300],"concerning":[306],"object":[310],"interaction":[311],"not":[316],"matter":[319,325],"topics,":[321],"but":[322],"also":[323],"perspective":[327],"topics.":[331]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}