{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2295819417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1148170.1148171","title":"Quantum haystacks","display_name":"Quantum haystacks","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-08-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2295819417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1148170.1148171","mag":"2295819417"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1148170.1148171","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1148170.1148171","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 29th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109132337","display_name":"C. J. van Rijsbergen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. J. 'Keith' van Rijsbergen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow, Glasgow"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Glasgow","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109132337"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44347678,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.6478999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.6478999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-subspace","display_name":"Linear subspace","score":0.6676468253135681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basis","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","score":0.6376601457595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-space","display_name":"Vector space","score":0.5812167525291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hilbert-space","display_name":"Hilbert space","score":0.5733807682991028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.500117301940918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.492847204208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.48883503675460815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.4648149907588959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4490155875682831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.4344765543937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42103075981140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebra-over-a-field","display_name":"Algebra over a field","score":0.37294068932533264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.3322862982749939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15352636575698853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.15209826827049255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.12456521391868591}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12362212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728435","display_name":"Linear subspace","level":2,"score":0.6676468253135681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12426560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189569","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","level":2,"score":0.6376601457595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13336665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125977","display_name":"Vector space","level":2,"score":0.5812167525291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62799726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190056","display_name":"Hilbert space","level":2,"score":0.5733807682991028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.500117301940918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.492847204208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.48883503675460815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4648149907588959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4490155875682831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4344765543937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42103075981140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.37294068932533264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3322862982749939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15352636575698853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.15209826827049255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.12456521391868591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1148170.1148171","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1148170.1148171","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 29th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048322522","https://openalex.org/W2070217890","https://openalex.org/W2079319543","https://openalex.org/W2149404971","https://openalex.org/W4244716531","https://openalex.org/W6667733676","https://openalex.org/W6681769820"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067339076","https://openalex.org/W4246811655","https://openalex.org/W2046883122","https://openalex.org/W2042334973","https://openalex.org/W4320035820","https://openalex.org/W2391321755","https://openalex.org/W2127530926","https://openalex.org/W2377983882","https://openalex.org/W2058919198","https://openalex.org/W2056822213"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,264],"acceptance":[1],"talk":[2],"is":[3,124,130,219,259,278,297],"a":[4,79,114,122,133,151,156,165,197,208,255,262],"curious":[5],"mixture":[6],"of":[7,16,20,73,153,167,210,214,225,239,244,250,320],"personal":[8],"history":[9],"and":[10,31,35,37,55,129,188,199,271,313,328],"developing":[11],"ideas":[12,52],"in":[13,47,108,292,330],"the":[14,17,51,62,71,137,159,175,186,223,237,242,245,248,251,267,272,288,303],"context":[15],"growing":[18],"field":[19],"IR":[21],"covering":[22],"several":[23],"decades.":[24],"I":[25,43,57,66],"want":[26],"to":[27,46,173,185,241,261,317,325],"concentrate":[28],"on":[29,70,136,333],"models":[30],"theories,":[32],"interpreted":[33,206],"loosely,":[34],"try":[36],"give":[38],"an":[39,109,127,147,192],"insight":[40],"into":[41],"where":[42,50,56],"have":[44,67],"got":[45],"my":[48],"thinking,":[49],"came":[53],"from,":[54],"believe":[58],"we":[59,162,189,235,307],"are":[60,232],"going.In":[61],"last":[63],"few":[64],"years":[65],"been":[68],"working":[69],"development":[72],"what":[74],"might":[75,102],"be":[76,103,142,181,205],"coined":[77],"as":[78,126,132,144,164,207],"design":[80],"language":[81,273],"for":[82,119,158,274,305],"IR.":[83],"It":[84],"takes":[85],"its":[86],"inspiration":[87],"from":[88,171,300],"Quantum":[89],"Mechanics,":[90],"but":[91],"by":[92,222,287],"analogy":[93],"only.":[94],"The":[95,212],"mathematical":[96,269,321],"objects":[97,101,327],"represent":[98],"documents;":[99],"these":[100],"vectors":[104,231],"(or":[105],"density":[106],"operators)":[107],"n-dimensional":[110],"vector":[111,198],"space":[112,252],"(usually":[113],"Hilbert":[115],"space).":[116],"A":[117],"request":[118],"information,":[120],"or":[121,169],"query,":[123],"taken":[125],"observable":[128],"represented":[131],"linear":[134,279],"operator":[135],"space.":[138,176,246],"Linear":[139],"operators":[140],"can":[141,180,190],"expressed":[143],"matrices.":[145],"Such":[146],"operator,":[148],"Hermitian,":[149],"has":[150],"set":[152],"eigenvectors":[154],"forming":[155],"basis":[157,201],"space;":[160],"which":[161,172,203,258,324],"interpret":[163],"point":[166],"view":[168],"perspective":[170],"understand":[174],"Thus":[177],"any":[178,200,216],"document-vector":[179],"located":[182],"with":[183,310,323],"respect":[184],"basis,":[187],"calculate":[191],"inner":[193,227],"product":[194,228],"between":[195],"such":[196],"vector,":[202],"may":[204],"probability":[209,213,238,296],"relevance.":[211],"observing":[215],"given":[217,221],"eigenvector":[218],"now":[220],"square":[224],"that":[226],"assuming":[229],"all":[230],"normalised.":[233],"Hence":[234],"connect":[236],"observation":[240],"geometry":[243],"Furthermore,":[247],"subspaces":[249],"make":[253],"up":[254,266,309],"lattice":[256],"structure":[257,277],"equivalent":[260],"logic.":[263],"makes":[265],"entire":[268],"structure,":[270,322],"handling":[275],"this":[276,318],"algebra:":[280],"vectors,":[281],"matrices,":[282],"projections,":[283],"inner-products,":[284],"neatly":[285],"captured":[286],"Dirac":[289],"notation":[290],"used":[291],"quantum":[293,311,314],"mechanics.":[294],"Our":[295],"slightly":[298],"different":[299],"classical":[301],"probability,":[302],"same":[304],"logic;":[306],"end":[308],"logic":[312],"probability.A":[315],"commitment":[316],"kind":[319],"model":[326],"processes":[329],"IR,":[331],"depends":[332],"two":[334],"critical":[335],"assumptions.":[336]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}