{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991079294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1143997.1144034","title":"Growth of self-canceling code in evolutionary systems","display_name":"Growth of self-canceling code in evolutionary systems","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991079294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1143997.1144034","mag":"1991079294"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1143997.1144034","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1143997.1144034","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104102910","display_name":"Xue Zhong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xue Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Idaho, Moscow, ID"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Idaho, Moscow, ID","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111629661","display_name":"Terence Soule","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5572-4303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Terence Soule","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Idaho, Moscow, ID"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Idaho, Moscow, ID","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104102910"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8629,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86978276,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"223","last_page":"228"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10878","display_name":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","score":0.9574000239372253,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7988708019256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crossover","display_name":"Crossover","score":0.7868329286575317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5596886873245239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.49963855743408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.49091726541519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-code","display_name":"Genetic code","score":0.4417891800403595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.3487675189971924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2315293550491333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.22634699940681458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7988708019256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122507166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628906","display_name":"Crossover","level":2,"score":0.7868329286575317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5596886873245239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.49963855743408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.49091726541519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10853874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180618","display_name":"Genetic code","level":3,"score":0.4417891800403595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3487675189971924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2315293550491333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.22634699940681458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1143997.1144034","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1143997.1144034","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.152.8761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.152.8761","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~wbl/biblio/gecco2006/docs/p223.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W113749450","https://openalex.org/W194527202","https://openalex.org/W653297920","https://openalex.org/W1497566245","https://openalex.org/W1500215390","https://openalex.org/W1511218113","https://openalex.org/W1516867764","https://openalex.org/W1525008681","https://openalex.org/W1540016209","https://openalex.org/W1562156220","https://openalex.org/W1576818901","https://openalex.org/W1585003986","https://openalex.org/W1845116111","https://openalex.org/W1992973689","https://openalex.org/W1997412527","https://openalex.org/W2052151631","https://openalex.org/W2101513692","https://openalex.org/W2136010593","https://openalex.org/W2144669098","https://openalex.org/W2149857327","https://openalex.org/W2154608029","https://openalex.org/W2168338628","https://openalex.org/W2347151396","https://openalex.org/W2526208276","https://openalex.org/W2911740249","https://openalex.org/W4235618707","https://openalex.org/W6629677893","https://openalex.org/W6630001514","https://openalex.org/W6682057132"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2347477706","https://openalex.org/W4299389082","https://openalex.org/W1943663474","https://openalex.org/W2306830238","https://openalex.org/W2110294633","https://openalex.org/W1978349322","https://openalex.org/W2630967916","https://openalex.org/W2102514425","https://openalex.org/W2068454951","https://openalex.org/W2803882549"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,10,90,112,119,135,143,155],"behavior":[4],"of":[5,12,46,57,92,114,121,170],"inoperative":[6,67,156,192],"code":[7,115,123,145,157],"(introns)":[8],"in":[9,44,66,111,129],"evolution":[11,136],"genetically":[13,47],"robust":[14,17,48],"solutions.":[15],"Genetically":[16],"solutions":[18,20,49],"are":[19,22],"that":[21,38,51,72,94,101,134,173],"less":[23],"likely":[24],"to":[25,59,107,148,159,163],"be":[26,175],"degraded":[27],"by":[28,183],"genetic":[29,61,70],"operators,":[30],"such":[31,103],"as":[32],"crossover.":[33],"Previous":[34],"work":[35],"has":[36],"shown":[37],"there":[39],"is":[40],"significant":[41],"evolutionary":[42],"pressure":[43],"favor":[45],"and":[50,76,124,188],"evolving":[52],"programs":[53],"adopt":[54],"a":[55,77,82,126,139,150,171],"number":[56],"strategies":[58],"increase":[60,65,110,128,164],"robustness,":[62],"notably":[63],"an":[64,108,167],"'genes'":[68,80],"(individual":[69],"units":[71],"don't":[73],"influence":[74],"fitness)":[75],"preference":[78],"for":[79],"with":[81,177],"relatively":[83],"small":[84],"effect":[85],"on":[86],"fitness.Here":[87],"we":[88,132],"examine":[89],"role":[91],"genes":[93,187],"cancel":[95],"each":[96],"other":[97],"out.":[98],"We":[99],"find":[100,133],"allowing":[102],"'canceling":[104],"genes'":[105],"leads":[106],"overall":[109],"rate":[113],"growth,":[116],"both":[117],"through":[118,125],"inclusion":[120],"self-canceling":[122],"general":[127],"introns.":[130],"Finally,":[131],"generally":[137],"follows":[138],"two-step":[140],"process.":[141],"Initially":[142],"operative":[144,179,186],"evolves":[146],"rapidly":[147,162],"achieve":[149],"(near)":[151],"optimal":[152],"fitness.":[153],"Then,":[154],"begins":[158],"evolve":[160,182],"most":[161],"robustness.":[165],"In":[166],"extreme":[168],"case":[169],"problem":[172],"can":[174],"solved":[176],"no":[178],"genes,":[180],"individuals":[181],"losing":[184,190],"all":[185,191],"then":[189],"genes.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}