{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2051545933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1143549.1143607","title":"Optimal hierarchical energy efficient design for MANETs","display_name":"Optimal hierarchical energy efficient design for MANETs","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2051545933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1143549.1143607","mag":"2051545933"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1143549.1143607","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1143549.1143607","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Wireless communications and mobile computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042406058","display_name":"Wassim El\u2010Hajj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-2954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wasim El-Hajj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI","Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo; MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo; MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110509310","display_name":"Dionysios Kountanis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dionysios Kountanis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI","Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo; MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo; MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008695053","display_name":"Ala Al\u2010Fuqaha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-1204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ala Al-Fuqaha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI","Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo; MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo; MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011583612","display_name":"Hani Harbi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201726411","display_name":"United Arab Emirates University","ror":"https://ror.org/01km6p862","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201726411"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hani Harbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["UAE University, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UAE University, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201726411"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042406058"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3154,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64515073,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"287","last_page":"292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.787278413772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6699877977371216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.5986453890800476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5714552998542786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5628082752227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-routing","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","score":0.5354018211364746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.5070974826812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backup","display_name":"Backup","score":0.4797307550907135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.4642167091369629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.43634480237960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","score":0.4186328649520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimized-link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Optimized Link State Routing Protocol","score":0.4148194491863251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-routing-protocol","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","score":0.2785530090332031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.21733510494232178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.15880677103996277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.06961524486541748}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.787278413772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6699877977371216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.5986453890800476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5714552998542786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5628082752227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177818476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12878103","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","level":5,"score":0.5354018211364746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.5070974826812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780945871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194274","display_name":"Backup","level":2,"score":0.4797307550907135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.4642167091369629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.43634480237960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91280400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.4186328649520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204739117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368373","display_name":"Optimized Link State Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.4148194491863251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47318570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8026863","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.2785530090332031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.21733510494232178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.15880677103996277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.06961524486541748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1143549.1143607","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1143549.1143607","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Wireless communications and mobile computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482206651","https://openalex.org/W1581215653","https://openalex.org/W1787995280","https://openalex.org/W2122859412","https://openalex.org/W2124297703","https://openalex.org/W2136462654","https://openalex.org/W2137775453","https://openalex.org/W2142372059","https://openalex.org/W2145417574","https://openalex.org/W2147547332","https://openalex.org/W2163533836","https://openalex.org/W2165956524","https://openalex.org/W2170703215","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3035283282","https://openalex.org/W2768875466","https://openalex.org/W1591014886","https://openalex.org/W2551975114","https://openalex.org/W2025838880","https://openalex.org/W2123281165","https://openalex.org/W1511473871","https://openalex.org/W4210799434","https://openalex.org/W1581687089","https://openalex.org/W2003275014"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,55,107],"the":[2,30,57,69,73,77,82,95,104,108,113,117,127,132,135,170],"growing":[3],"interest":[4],"in":[5,20],"mobile":[6],"wireless":[7],"Ad-Hoc":[8],"networks'":[9],"(MANETs)":[10],"applications,":[11],"researchers":[12],"have":[13],"proposed":[14,39],"many":[15],"routing":[16,46,74,124],"protocols":[17],"that":[18,53,125],"differ":[19],"their":[21],"objective.":[22],"Energy":[23],"efficiency":[24],"and":[25,60,72,91,102,174],"scalability":[26],"are":[27],"two":[28,67,85],"of":[29,87,148],"most":[31],"important":[32],"objectives.":[33],"In":[34,76,116,141],"our":[35],"previous":[36],"work,":[37],"we":[38,80,120,144,168,188],"a":[40,159,162,176,179,190,197],"fuzzy":[41],"based":[42],"hierarchical":[43,128],"energy":[44,122,136],"efficient":[45,123,137],"protocol":[47],"(FEER)":[48],"for":[49,201],"large":[50],"scale":[51],"MANETs":[52],"aims":[54],"maximize":[56],"network's":[58],"lifetime":[59],"increase":[61],"its":[62],"scalability.":[63],"The":[64],"problem":[65,139],"has":[66],"parts:":[68],"clustering":[70,138],"part":[71],"part.":[75],"first":[78,133,157],"part,":[79,119,134],"cluster":[81,96,109,199],"network":[83,114,160,177,193],"into":[84],"levels":[86],"hierarchy":[88],"(cluster":[89],"heads":[90,97,110],"normal":[92,105],"nodes),":[93],"connect":[94,103],"(backbone)":[98],"with":[99,161,178],"each":[100,202],"other,":[101],"nodes":[106],"while":[111],"maximizing":[112],"lifetime.":[115],"second":[118],"design":[121],"uses":[126],"structure.":[129],"We":[130,156],"call":[131],"(EEC).":[140],"this":[142],"paper,":[143],"formulate":[145],"three":[146],"variations":[147],"EEC":[149],"as":[150],"integer":[151],"linear":[152],"programming":[153],"(ILP)":[154],"problems.":[155],"consider":[158,175,189],"fully":[163,171,185],"connected":[164,172,180],"backbone":[165,181],"(EEC-FCB).":[166],"Then,":[167],"relax":[169],"constraint":[173],"(EEC-CB),":[182],"not":[183],"necessarily":[184],"connected.":[186],"Finally,":[187],"more":[191],"reliable":[192],"(EEC-R)":[194],"by":[195],"electing":[196],"backup":[198],"head":[200],"cluster.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
