{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2096905430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1141753.1141756","title":"combinFormation","display_name":"combinFormation","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2096905430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1141753.1141756","mag":"2096905430"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1141753.1141756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1141753.1141756","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078871533","display_name":"Andruid Kerne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andruid Kerne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071007779","display_name":"Eunyee Koh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2091-5972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eunyee Koh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011579423","display_name":"Blake Dworaczyk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blake Dworaczyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022292186","display_name":"J. Michael Mistrot","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Michael Mistrot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103267572","display_name":"Hyun Jin Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5473-0058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyun Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026767653","display_name":"Steven M. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1852-3240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven M. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019658929","display_name":"Ross Graeber","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ross Graeber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071773219","display_name":"Daniel Caruso","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Caruso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005377609","display_name":"Andrew M. Webb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0682-6087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Webb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061031393","display_name":"Rodney F. Hill","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodney Hill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066413142","display_name":"Joel Albea","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel Albea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station. TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":92.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99872327,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"11","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12377","display_name":"Digital Humanities and Scholarship","score":0.9455000162124634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12377","display_name":"Digital Humanities and Scholarship","score":0.9455000162124634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.9448000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7682149410247803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6210391521453857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entertainment","display_name":"Entertainment","score":0.5882131457328796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4829782545566559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4700039029121399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.46199584007263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composition","display_name":"Composition (language)","score":0.45546019077301025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4501799941062927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4362230598926544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.4198867380619049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3816732168197632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.35344499349594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16395866870880127}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7682149410247803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6210391521453857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512170562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173799","display_name":"Entertainment","level":2,"score":0.5882131457328796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4829782545566559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4700039029121399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.46199584007263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40231798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333743","display_name":"Composition (language)","level":2,"score":0.45546019077301025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4501799941062927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4362230598926544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.4198867380619049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3816732168197632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.35344499349594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16395866870880127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1141753.1141756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1141753.1141756","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310164","display_name":"Texas A and M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557757161","https://openalex.org/W1558000335","https://openalex.org/W1590259464","https://openalex.org/W1802760973","https://openalex.org/W1861765441","https://openalex.org/W1956559956","https://openalex.org/W1969340322","https://openalex.org/W2010975745","https://openalex.org/W2035851198","https://openalex.org/W2037498077","https://openalex.org/W2042659035","https://openalex.org/W2058756162","https://openalex.org/W2059216172","https://openalex.org/W2062620222","https://openalex.org/W2074663912","https://openalex.org/W2087931453","https://openalex.org/W2089477727","https://openalex.org/W2097385499","https://openalex.org/W2098162425","https://openalex.org/W2124673015","https://openalex.org/W2139921367","https://openalex.org/W2149028520","https://openalex.org/W2158668719","https://openalex.org/W2161387974","https://openalex.org/W2164547069","https://openalex.org/W2296695996","https://openalex.org/W2325227998","https://openalex.org/W2610881169","https://openalex.org/W3107271803","https://openalex.org/W4232608142","https://openalex.org/W4238998169","https://openalex.org/W4298290070"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2380075625","https://openalex.org/W5474427","https://openalex.org/W2472645085","https://openalex.org/W2364043378","https://openalex.org/W2621650471","https://openalex.org/W2284468361","https://openalex.org/W2028797612","https://openalex.org/W2354346496","https://openalex.org/W2379419241","https://openalex.org/W2009923077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"People":[0],"need":[1,27],"to":[2,28,63,77,116,170,188,228,240],"find,":[3],"work":[4],"with,":[5],"and":[6,18,22,40,94,110,147,150,162],"put":[7],"together":[8,73],"information.":[9],"Diverse":[10],"activities,":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13,49,51,90,113,215],"scholarly":[14],"research,":[15],"comparison":[16],"shopping,":[17],"entertainment":[19],"involve":[20],"collecting":[21,144],"connecting":[23],"information":[24,38,128,145,226],"resources.":[25],"We":[26],"represent":[29],"collections":[30,89,112],"in":[31,70,119,141,178,198,205,218],"ways":[32],"that":[33,137,184,235],"promote":[34],"understanding":[35],"of":[36,56,68,92,102,125,143,211,221,231],"individual":[37,45],"resources":[39,46,146],"also":[41,132],"their":[42],"relationships.":[43],"Representing":[44],"with":[47],"images":[48],"well":[50],"text":[52,95,151],"makes":[53],"good":[54],"use":[55],"human":[57],"cognitive":[58],"facilities.":[59],"Composition,":[60],"an":[61,199,216],"alternative":[62],"lists,":[64],"means":[65],"putting":[66],"representations":[67],"elements":[69],"a":[71,79,84,100,134,195],"collection":[72,161],"using":[74],"design":[75],"principles":[76],"form":[78],"connected":[80],"whole.We":[81],"develop":[82,181],"combinFormation,":[83],"mixed-initiative":[85],"system":[86,98,131],"for":[87,106],"representing":[88],"compositions":[91],"image":[93,149],"surrogates.":[96,152],"The":[97,233],"provides":[99],"set":[101],"direct":[103,189],"manipulation":[104],"facilities":[105],"forming,":[107],"editing,":[108],"organizing,":[109],"distributing":[111],"compositions.":[114],"Additionally,":[115],"assist":[117],"users":[118,169],"sifting":[120],"through":[121],"the":[122,130,160,176,186,190,206],"vast":[123],"expanse":[124],"potentially":[126],"relevant":[127],"resources,":[129],"includes":[133],"generative":[135,154],"agent":[136,158],"can":[138],"proactively":[139],"engage":[140],"processes":[142,230],"forming":[148],"A":[153],"temporal":[155],"visual":[156,164],"composition":[157],"develops":[159],"its":[163],"representation":[165],"over":[166],"time,":[167],"enabling":[168],"see":[171],"more":[172],"possibilities.":[173],"To":[174],"keep":[175],"user":[177,187],"control,":[179],"we":[180,193],"interactive":[182],"techniques":[183],"enable":[185],"agent.For":[191],"evaluation,":[192],"conducted":[194],"field":[196],"study":[197],"undergraduate":[200],"general":[201],"education":[202],"course":[203],"offered":[204],"architecture":[207],"department.":[208],"Alternating":[209],"groups":[210],"students":[212,234],"used":[213,236],"combinFormation":[214,237],"aid":[217],"preparing":[219],"one":[220],"two":[222],"major":[223],"assignments":[224],"involving":[225],"discovery":[227],"support":[229],"invention.":[232],"were":[238],"found":[239],"perform":[241],"better.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}