{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983731615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1141277.1141301","title":"A multi-agent algorithm for vehicle routing problem with time window","display_name":"A multi-agent algorithm for vehicle routing problem with time window","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983731615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1141277.1141301","mag":"1983731615"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1141277.1141301","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1141277.1141301","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Applied computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037482622","display_name":"Wai Yie Leong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5389-1121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hon Wai Leong","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100347826","display_name":"Ming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1530-2485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037482622"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8465,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93639265,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"106","last_page":"111"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.7919730544090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7230104804039001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window","display_name":"Window (computing)","score":0.5387085676193237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5227090120315552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3816644251346588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.34547287225723267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3276464641094208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2780381441116333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.7919730544090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7230104804039001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5387085676193237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5227090120315552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3816644251346588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.34547287225723267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3276464641094208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2780381441116333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1141277.1141301","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1141277.1141301","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Applied computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320698","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497347862","https://openalex.org/W1595063880","https://openalex.org/W1598950016","https://openalex.org/W1993257498","https://openalex.org/W2014412090","https://openalex.org/W2084977713","https://openalex.org/W2096178388","https://openalex.org/W2096305430","https://openalex.org/W2106972943"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365235480","https://openalex.org/W2374954631","https://openalex.org/W2998813341","https://openalex.org/W1587227328","https://openalex.org/W2160425906","https://openalex.org/W1537248816","https://openalex.org/W3163462517","https://openalex.org/W2349429494","https://openalex.org/W2078443467","https://openalex.org/W2581258471"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"existing":[1],"algorithms":[2],"for":[3,92,105],"solving":[4,93],"the":[5,26,32,40,52,59,72,94,98,106,134,149,153],"vehicle":[6],"routing":[7],"problem":[8],"with":[9],"time":[10],"windows":[11],"(VRPTW)":[12],"first":[13],"construct":[14],"initial":[15,46,53],"tours":[16,54,61],"and":[17,120,130,144],"then":[18],"apply":[19],"a":[20,88,100,115],"tour":[21,33,41],"optimization":[22,34],"algorithm":[23,91],"to":[24,69,148],"refine":[25],"solution.":[27],"In":[28,83],"this":[29,84],"two-stage":[30],"approach,":[31],"stage":[35,74],"is":[36,142],"often":[37,63,67,76],"hampered":[38],"by":[39],"construction":[42],"phase":[43],"that":[44,48,75,96,138],"produce":[45],"solutions":[47],"are":[49,55,62],"skewed,":[50],"namely,":[51],"very":[56,64],"good,":[57],"but":[58],"later":[60],"poor.":[65],"This":[66],"leads":[68],"difficulties":[70],"in":[71,79,152],"tour-optimization":[73,107],"get":[77],"trapped":[78],"local":[80,122],"optimal":[81],"quickly.":[82],"paper,":[85],"we":[86],"propose":[87],"new":[89],"multi-agent":[90,118,140],"VRPTW":[95],"involves":[97],"uses":[99],"distributed,":[101],"multi":[102],"agent":[103],"approach":[104,110,141],"phase.":[108],"Our":[109],"can":[111],"be":[112],"considered":[113],"as":[114],"combination":[116],"of":[117],"system":[119,126],"heuristic":[121],"search.":[123],"A":[124],"prototype":[125],"has":[127,145],"been":[128],"developed":[129],"extensive":[131],"experimentation":[132],"on":[133],"Solomon":[135],"benchmarks":[136],"show":[137],"our":[139],"effective":[143],"comparable":[146],"performance":[147],"best":[150],"results":[151],"literature.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}