{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2152133813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1135777.1135875","title":"The web structure of e-government - developing a methodology for quantitative evaluation","display_name":"The web structure of e-government - developing a methodology for quantitative evaluation","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2152133813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1135777.1135875","mag":"2152133813"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1135777.1135875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1135777.1135875","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Vaclav Petricek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vaclav Petricek","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCL Computer Science, London"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCL Computer Science, London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054417133","display_name":"Tobias Escher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6607-2088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Escher","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCL School of Public Policy, London"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCL School of Public Policy, London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047286157","display_name":"Ingemar J. Cox","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6662-417X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingemar J. Cox","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCL Computer Science, London"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCL Computer Science, London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038233956","display_name":"Helen Margetts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-8283"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193374721","display_name":"Internet Society","ror":"https://ror.org/04dzfqx38","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193374721"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helen Margetts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford Internet Institute, Oxford"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford Internet Institute, Oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193374721"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.5466,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":84,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99214445,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"669","last_page":"678"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13976","display_name":"Web visibility and informetrics","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13976","display_name":"Web visibility and informetrics","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/navigability","display_name":"Navigability","score":0.7963657975196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.7267343997955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.6645262241363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5526425242424011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audit","display_name":"Audit","score":0.5354101657867432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.526232898235321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-network-analysis","display_name":"Social network analysis","score":0.5186285376548767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4893774390220642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4352197051048279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/czech","display_name":"Czech","score":0.4226526618003845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.41498151421546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.34399545192718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3422292470932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3152390122413635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.22217097878456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.19665107131004333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accounting","display_name":"Accounting","score":0.18621957302093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15565091371536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1255229413509369}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778972660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666353","display_name":"Navigability","level":2,"score":0.7963657975196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.7267343997955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6645262241363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5526425242424011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.5354101657867432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.526232898235321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114713312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551269","display_name":"Social network analysis","level":3,"score":0.5186285376548767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4893774390220642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4352197051048279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777842544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9056","display_name":"Czech","level":2,"score":0.4226526618003845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.41498151421546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.34399545192718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3422292470932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3152390122413635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.22217097878456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.19665107131004333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.18621957302093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15565091371536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1255229413509369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1135777.1135875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1135777.1135875","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.169.9281","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.169.9281","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ee.ucl.ac.uk/%7Eicox/Content/papers/2006/WWW06.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.60.1402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.60.1402","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://kocour.ms.mff.cuni.cz/~petricek/papers/egov/petricek06structure.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.74.9379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.74.9379","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www2006.org/programme/files/pdf/1041.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:135651","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/135651/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"     In:    (pp. pp. 669-678).   (2006)     ","raw_type":"Proceedings paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W200955052","https://openalex.org/W1486351992","https://openalex.org/W1550405527","https://openalex.org/W1601629960","https://openalex.org/W1643412971","https://openalex.org/W1854214752","https://openalex.org/W1947595544","https://openalex.org/W1967709507","https://openalex.org/W1970614016","https://openalex.org/W1977001629","https://openalex.org/W1982850857","https://openalex.org/W1995815438","https://openalex.org/W2006119904","https://openalex.org/W2008211892","https://openalex.org/W2020423193","https://openalex.org/W2066636486","https://openalex.org/W2089192108","https://openalex.org/W2100250898","https://openalex.org/W2102931907","https://openalex.org/W2105326496","https://openalex.org/W2121492804","https://openalex.org/W2122934293","https://openalex.org/W2124673015","https://openalex.org/W2126563689","https://openalex.org/W2138621811","https://openalex.org/W2144982204","https://openalex.org/W2149556349","https://openalex.org/W2151626491","https://openalex.org/W2167403283","https://openalex.org/W2256281199","https://openalex.org/W2487927281","https://openalex.org/W2714497087","https://openalex.org/W2769133055","https://openalex.org/W2949525215","https://openalex.org/W3122675353","https://openalex.org/W4206762723","https://openalex.org/W4255725700","https://openalex.org/W4291733759"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W5921410","https://openalex.org/W2161466705","https://openalex.org/W2187647911","https://openalex.org/W2026584759","https://openalex.org/W2158210641","https://openalex.org/W4205716406","https://openalex.org/W2532352661","https://openalex.org/W2033556475","https://openalex.org/W2162736658","https://openalex.org/W4300954764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,222],"paper":[2],"we":[3,76],"describe":[4],"preliminary":[5],"work":[6],"that":[7,239],"examines":[8],"whether":[9],"statistical":[10],"properties":[11],"of":[12,15,22,51,64,80,103,116,134,146,151,160,166,186,230],"the":[13,78,87,89,94,106,109,114,120,132,164,179,184,187,210,214,219,240,250,253,260,264],"structure":[14,79],"websites":[16,36,152,188],"can":[17],"be":[18,206],"an":[19],"informative":[20],"measure":[21],"their":[23,190],"quality.":[24],"We":[25,54],"aim":[26,55],"to":[27,56,128,163,195,205,258],"develop":[28],"a":[29,49,62,101,135,144,158,175,227],"new":[30],"method":[31],"for":[32,100,197],"evaluating":[33],"e-government.":[34],"E-government":[35],"are":[37,126,200],"evaluated":[38],"regularly":[39],"by":[40],"consulting":[41],"companies,":[42],"international":[43],"organizations":[44],"and":[45,68,93,119,122,137,148,171,177,189,202,213,242],"academic":[46],"researchers":[47],"using":[48,61],"variety":[50,102],"subjective":[52],"measures.":[53],"improve":[57],"on":[58,154,263],"these":[59,155,198],"evaluations":[60],"range":[63],"techniques":[65,232],"from":[66],"webmetric":[67],"social":[69],"network":[70],"analysis.":[71],"To":[72],"pilot":[73],"our":[74],"methodology,":[75],"examine":[77],"government":[81],"audit":[82],"office":[83],"sites":[84],"in":[85,183,218],"Canada,":[86],"USA,":[88],"UK,":[90],"New":[91],"Zealand":[92],"Czech":[95],"Republic.We":[96],"report":[97],"experimental":[98],"values":[99,211],"characteristics,":[104],"including":[105],"connected":[107],"components,":[108],"average":[110],"distance":[111],"between":[112,209],"nodes,":[113],"distribution":[115],"paths":[117],"lengths,":[118],"indegree":[121],"outdegree.":[123],"These":[124],"measures":[125],"expected":[127],"correlate":[129],"with":[130,139],"(i)":[131],"navigability":[133],"website":[136],"(ii)":[138],"its":[140],"\"nodality\u00f6":[141,262],"which":[142],"is":[143,256],"combination":[145],"hubness":[147],"authority.":[149],"Comparison":[150],"based":[153],"characteristics":[156],"raised":[157],"number":[159],"issues,":[161],"related":[162],"proportion":[165],"non-hyperlinked":[167],"content":[168],"(e.g.":[169],"pdf":[170],"doc":[172],"files)":[173],"within":[174],"site,":[176],"both":[178],"very":[180],"significant":[181],"differences":[182],"size":[185],"respective":[191],"national":[192],"populations.":[193],"Methods":[194],"account":[196],"issues":[199],"proposed":[201],"discussed.There":[203],"appears":[204],"some":[207],"correlation":[208],"measured":[212],"league":[215],"tables":[216],"reported":[217],"literature.":[220],"However,":[221],"multi":[223],"dimensional":[224],"analysis":[225,237],"provides":[226],"richer":[228],"source":[229],"evaluative":[231],"than":[233,249],"previous":[234],"work.":[235],"Our":[236],"indicates":[238],"US":[241],"Canada":[243],"provide":[244],"better":[245,248],"navigability,":[246],"much":[247],"UK;":[251],"however,":[252],"UK":[254],"site":[255],"shown":[257],"have":[259],"strongest":[261],"Web.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
