{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997421210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1135777.1135806","title":"Invisible participants","display_name":"Invisible participants","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997421210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1135777.1135806","mag":"1997421210"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1135777.1135806","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1135777.1135806","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110749521","display_name":"Vladimir Soroka","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167297","display_name":"IBM Research - Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/05rw9t746","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Soroka","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Haifa Research Lab, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Haifa Research Lab, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043076336","display_name":"Sheizaf Rafaeli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0937-5621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91203450","display_name":"University of Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f009v59","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheizaf Rafaeli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel",", University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110749521"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7572,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":78,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90182369,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"163","last_page":"172"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situational-ethics","display_name":"Situational ethics","score":0.7705929279327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antecedent","display_name":"Antecedent (behavioral psychology)","score":0.5597866773605347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.5391552448272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructive","display_name":"Constructive","score":0.5385044813156128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-capital","display_name":"Social capital","score":0.5180518627166748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-community","display_name":"Virtual community","score":0.49150025844573975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46513432264328003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4493744671344757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-community","display_name":"Online community","score":0.43941256403923035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.42702963948249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.37658777832984924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3655456304550171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.3572429418563843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.35593515634536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.3466370105743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.33175331354141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.17431801557540894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.16836071014404297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.12152570486068726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.11511304974555969}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9114305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428317","display_name":"Situational ethics","level":2,"score":0.7705929279327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781256819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16828835","display_name":"Antecedent (behavioral psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5597866773605347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5391552448272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778701210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28130034","display_name":"Constructive","level":3,"score":0.5385044813156128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68062652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214693","display_name":"Social capital","level":2,"score":0.5180518627166748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777756574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210980","display_name":"Virtual community","level":3,"score":0.49150025844573975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46513432264328003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4493744671344757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778165684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6576792","display_name":"Online community","level":2,"score":0.43941256403923035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.42702963948249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.37658777832984924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3655456304550171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3572429418563843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35593515634536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3466370105743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.33175331354141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.17431801557540894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.16836071014404297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.12152570486068726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.11511304974555969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1135777.1135806","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1135777.1135806","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7102852","https://openalex.org/W38797323","https://openalex.org/W190890065","https://openalex.org/W205047728","https://openalex.org/W280459633","https://openalex.org/W950821216","https://openalex.org/W1502856631","https://openalex.org/W1513074171","https://openalex.org/W1533200881","https://openalex.org/W1544474932","https://openalex.org/W1560718776","https://openalex.org/W1572520267","https://openalex.org/W1971788485","https://openalex.org/W1980801909","https://openalex.org/W1992063975","https://openalex.org/W2004847734","https://openalex.org/W2009697557","https://openalex.org/W2012691580","https://openalex.org/W2012936946","https://openalex.org/W2030398623","https://openalex.org/W2040817488","https://openalex.org/W2048727984","https://openalex.org/W2055032349","https://openalex.org/W2062866147","https://openalex.org/W2066270792","https://openalex.org/W2079955265","https://openalex.org/W2096372234","https://openalex.org/W2100381608","https://openalex.org/W2104105607","https://openalex.org/W2109091500","https://openalex.org/W2109469951","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2115226012","https://openalex.org/W2116339812","https://openalex.org/W2117963689","https://openalex.org/W2123351491","https://openalex.org/W2125199500","https://openalex.org/W2131019951","https://openalex.org/W2131554983","https://openalex.org/W2133577230","https://openalex.org/W2141314465","https://openalex.org/W2147050295","https://openalex.org/W2147264455","https://openalex.org/W2149770420","https://openalex.org/W2151288927","https://openalex.org/W2152006930","https://openalex.org/W2153640058","https://openalex.org/W2155072918","https://openalex.org/W2157619495","https://openalex.org/W2159310954","https://openalex.org/W2164802537","https://openalex.org/W2167413551","https://openalex.org/W2290526371","https://openalex.org/W2320098176","https://openalex.org/W2326695845","https://openalex.org/W2333603171","https://openalex.org/W2497790076","https://openalex.org/W2521135522","https://openalex.org/W3088048311","https://openalex.org/W3162948691","https://openalex.org/W3189151025","https://openalex.org/W4244387885","https://openalex.org/W4244824685","https://openalex.org/W4247932332","https://openalex.org/W4249486182","https://openalex.org/W4250486352","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4292023211","https://openalex.org/W4300540376","https://openalex.org/W4312850488","https://openalex.org/W4403418226","https://openalex.org/W6613023151","https://openalex.org/W6633348374","https://openalex.org/W6645348970","https://openalex.org/W6653458033","https://openalex.org/W6660435778","https://openalex.org/W6678670233","https://openalex.org/W6681144085","https://openalex.org/W6682114235","https://openalex.org/W6682352923","https://openalex.org/W6771724067","https://openalex.org/W6799533749"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2199573659","https://openalex.org/W2900776393","https://openalex.org/W186397455","https://openalex.org/W4232218324","https://openalex.org/W3093216617","https://openalex.org/W2379947174","https://openalex.org/W32288159","https://openalex.org/W2013426801","https://openalex.org/W2052915246","https://openalex.org/W2082289850"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,94,176],"asymmetry":[1],"of":[2,8,16,56,62,75,106,125,140,160],"activity":[3,107],"in":[4,13,108,120,142,157,164,167,197],"virtual":[5,17],"communities":[6,18,123,173],"is":[7,19,32,80,130],"great":[9],"interest.":[10],"While":[11],"participation":[12,186],"the":[14,54,83,152],"activities":[15,141],"crucial":[20],"for":[21],"a":[22,72,99,109,135,158],"community's":[23],"survival":[24],"and":[25,42,48,64,111,116,169,191],"development,":[26],"many":[27],"people":[28],"prefer":[29],"lurking,":[30],"that":[31,85,98,183],"passive":[33],"attention":[34],"over":[35],"active":[36,122,195],"participation.":[37],"Lurking":[38],"can":[39],"be":[40,188],"measured":[41],"perhaps":[43],"affected":[44],"by":[45,132,150],"both":[46],"dispositional":[47],"situational":[49,60],"variables.":[50],"This":[51,128],"work":[52,171],"investigates":[53],"concept":[55],"cultural":[57,92,101],"capital":[58,79,102],"as":[59,82,189,193],"antecedent":[61],"lurking":[63,76],"de-lurking":[65],"(the":[66],"decision":[67,113],"to":[68,89,114,118],"start":[69],"posting":[70],"after":[71],"certain":[73],"amount":[74],"time).":[77],"Cultural":[78],"defined":[81],"knowledge":[84],"enables":[86],"an":[87],"individual":[88],"interpret":[90],"various":[91],"codes.":[93],"main":[95],"hypothesis":[96,129],"states":[97],"user's":[100],"affects":[103],"her":[104,112],"level":[105],"community":[110],"de-lurk":[115],"cease":[117],"exist":[119],"very":[121],"because":[124],"information":[126],"overload.":[127],"analyzed":[131],"mathematically":[133],"defining":[134],"social":[136],"communication":[137],"network":[138],"(SCN)":[139],"authenticated":[143],"discussion":[144],"forums.":[145],"We":[146],"validate":[147],"this":[148],"model":[149],"examining":[151],"SCN":[153],"using":[154],"data":[155],"collected":[156],"sample":[159],"636":[161],"online":[162,198],"forums":[163],"Open":[165],"University":[166],"Israel":[168],"2":[170],"based":[172],"from":[174],"IBM.":[175],"hypotheses":[177],"verified":[178],"here":[179],"make":[180],"it":[181],"clear":[182],"fostering":[184],"receptive":[185],"may":[187],"important":[190],"constructive":[192],"encouraging":[194],"contributions":[196],"communities.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
