{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1977343218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1128888.1128908","title":"Interactive spline-driven deformation for free-form surface styling","display_name":"Interactive spline-driven deformation for free-form surface styling","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1977343218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1128888.1128908","mag":"1977343218"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1128888.1128908","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1128888.1128908","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452575","display_name":"Han Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0597-8409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Li Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trento University, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trento University, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068855833","display_name":"Raffaele De Amicis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6435-4364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155329","display_name":"Fondazione GraphiTech","ror":"https://ror.org/0524dwb40","country_code":"IT","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155329"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raffaele De Amicis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graphitech, Salita Dei Molini, Villazzano (TN), Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graphitech, Salita Dei Molini, Villazzano (TN), Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155329"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029561150","display_name":"Giuseppe Conti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3813-3012"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155329","display_name":"Fondazione GraphiTech","ror":"https://ror.org/0524dwb40","country_code":"IT","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155329"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Conti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graphitech, Salita Dei Molini, Villazzano (TN), Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graphitech, Salita Dei Molini, Villazzano (TN), Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155329"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100452575"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2341,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77760513,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"139","last_page":"147"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-form-deformation","display_name":"Free-form deformation","score":0.747921884059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.7239594459533691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6691484451293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertex","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","score":0.6259647607803345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface","display_name":"Surface (topology)","score":0.6115750074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-form","display_name":"Free form","score":0.48441627621650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/b-spline","display_name":"B-spline","score":0.4575360119342804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4502139687538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spline","display_name":"Spline (mechanical)","score":0.43762680888175964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.4310012757778168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-engineering","display_name":"Reverse engineering","score":0.4176650643348694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.41730162501335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","score":0.38654589653015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.2717002332210541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.25637900829315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2530900835990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.24331361055374146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19390898942947388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14934301376342773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.1467815637588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.12035688757896423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.11448118090629578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.08100259304046631}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780391921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1454193","display_name":"Free-form deformation","level":3,"score":0.747921884059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.7239594459533691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6691484451293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80899671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1304193","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","level":3,"score":0.6259647607803345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776799497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484298","display_name":"Surface (topology)","level":2,"score":0.6115750074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987653016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5500235","display_name":"Free form","level":2,"score":0.48441627621650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15945459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2083109","display_name":"B-spline","level":2,"score":0.4575360119342804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4502139687538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10390562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581809","display_name":"Spline (mechanical)","level":2,"score":0.43762680888175964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.4310012757778168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207850805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269608","display_name":"Reverse engineering","level":2,"score":0.4176650643348694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41730162501335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.38654589653015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2717002332210541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.25637900829315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2530900835990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.24331361055374146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19390898942947388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14934301376342773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1467815637588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.12035688757896423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.11448118090629578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.08100259304046631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1128888.1128908","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1128888.1128908","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50935844","https://openalex.org/W158013682","https://openalex.org/W193111080","https://openalex.org/W1596475617","https://openalex.org/W1966189225","https://openalex.org/W1970057312","https://openalex.org/W1971250110","https://openalex.org/W1976274809","https://openalex.org/W1977321613","https://openalex.org/W1985435273","https://openalex.org/W2005703344","https://openalex.org/W2026687385","https://openalex.org/W2039843263","https://openalex.org/W2040444716","https://openalex.org/W2057498299","https://openalex.org/W2088875936","https://openalex.org/W2090418110","https://openalex.org/W2094788431","https://openalex.org/W2095842012","https://openalex.org/W2096619076","https://openalex.org/W2098449997","https://openalex.org/W2122251926","https://openalex.org/W2123163214","https://openalex.org/W2133549920","https://openalex.org/W2135323728","https://openalex.org/W2135497183","https://openalex.org/W2135794549","https://openalex.org/W2154522177","https://openalex.org/W2162931463","https://openalex.org/W2166983756","https://openalex.org/W2171603770","https://openalex.org/W2996973090","https://openalex.org/W2997385702","https://openalex.org/W3008760437","https://openalex.org/W4205191326","https://openalex.org/W4249581542","https://openalex.org/W4255503274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381714556","https://openalex.org/W2188601346","https://openalex.org/W4379877296","https://openalex.org/W2097224287","https://openalex.org/W2361364801","https://openalex.org/W2058945752","https://openalex.org/W2591460225","https://openalex.org/W2369597308","https://openalex.org/W2389034179","https://openalex.org/W2487825112"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"tries":[2],"to":[3,5,49,62,108,117],"answer":[4],"the":[6,25,57,74,78,86,91,94,103,121,133,137,151,158,165,168],"increasing":[7],"demand":[8],"for":[9,13],"more":[10],"intuitive":[11],"methods":[12],"creating":[14],"and":[15,19,82,136,150,162],"modifying":[16],"free-form":[17,51],"curves":[18],"surfaces":[20],"which":[21,35,89],"is":[22,143],"emerging":[23],"in":[24,66],"field":[26],"of":[27,105,120,153,167],"conceptual":[28],"design.":[29],"We":[30,100],"present":[31],"a":[32,37,44,64,67,109,147],"novel":[33],"approach":[34],"adopts":[36],"simple":[38],"3D":[39,148],"sketching":[40],"technique":[41],"together":[42],"with":[43],"finite":[45],"element":[46],"deformation":[47],"method":[48,54,142],"create":[50],"models.":[52],"The":[53,124,140],"proposed":[55,141],"lets":[56],"user":[58],"interactively":[59],"sculpt":[60],"splines":[61],"modify":[63],"surface":[65],"predicable":[68],"way.":[69],"Our":[70],"algorithm":[71],"automatically":[72],"extracts":[73],"key":[75],"points":[76],"from":[77],"sketched":[79,169],"\"target":[80],"curve\"":[81],"it":[83],"adaptively":[84],"distributes":[85],"external-force":[87],"constraints":[88,107],"impose":[90],"forces":[92],"on":[93],"corresponding":[95],"vertices":[96],"along":[97],"their":[98],"normals.":[99],"have":[101],"limited":[102],"influence":[104,115],"these":[106],"localized":[110],"area":[111],"by":[112],"attaching":[113],"an":[114],"factor":[116],"each":[118],"vertex":[119],"parent":[122],"surface.":[123,170],"smoothing":[125],"function":[126],"introduced":[127],"later":[128],"allows":[129],"good":[130],"control":[131,164],"over":[132],"transition":[134],"intervals":[135],"symmetry":[138],"features.":[139],"finally":[144],"implemented":[145],"within":[146],"environment":[149],"results":[152],"its":[154],"use":[155],"show":[156],"how":[157],"designers":[159],"can":[160],"intuitively":[161],"exactly":[163],"shape":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
