{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1972436064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1125170.1125230","title":"Internet opt-in and opt-out","display_name":"Internet opt-in and opt-out","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-04-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1972436064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1125170.1125230","mag":"1972436064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1125170.1125230","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1125170.1125230","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGMIS CPR conference on computer personnel research: Forty four years of computer personnel research: achievements, challenges &amp; the future","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003512197","display_name":"Yee-Lin Lai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yee-Lin Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045420836","display_name":"Kai-Lung Hui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7074-1176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai-Lung Hui","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8357,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90522703,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"253","last_page":"263"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opt-out","display_name":"Opt-out","score":0.863778829574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operationalization","display_name":"Operationalization","score":0.7603616118431091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opt-in-email","display_name":"Opt-in email","score":0.5928632020950317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directive","display_name":"Directive","score":0.5849946737289429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preference","display_name":"Preference","score":0.5758668184280396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union","display_name":"European union","score":0.5514699220657349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5513220429420471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5429782867431641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.49743321537971497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affect","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","score":0.4691775143146515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.46528831124305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45587438344955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-protection-act-1998","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","score":0.42879462242126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.35074859857559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.3088144361972809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.23041373491287231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.20381289720535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1930147111415863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1623072624206543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.1247071623802185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780291661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368455","display_name":"Opt-out","level":2,"score":0.863778829574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.7603616118431091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160295073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137616","display_name":"Opt-in email","level":2,"score":0.5928632020950317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1121492","display_name":"Directive","level":2,"score":0.5849946737289429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.5758668184280396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.5514699220657349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5513220429420471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5429782867431641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.49743321537971497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4691775143146515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46528831124305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45587438344955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69360830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172237","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","level":2,"score":0.42879462242126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.35074859857559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.3088144361972809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.23041373491287231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.20381289720535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1930147111415863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1623072624206543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.1247071623802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1125170.1125230","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1125170.1125230","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGMIS CPR conference on computer personnel research: Forty four years of computer personnel research: achievements, challenges &amp; the future","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1516436026","https://openalex.org/W1538573233","https://openalex.org/W1545190392","https://openalex.org/W1972668474","https://openalex.org/W1973434975","https://openalex.org/W1984871604","https://openalex.org/W1989658754","https://openalex.org/W2014699457","https://openalex.org/W2028280385","https://openalex.org/W2053061618","https://openalex.org/W2073242082","https://openalex.org/W2077091320","https://openalex.org/W2080612551","https://openalex.org/W2082420541","https://openalex.org/W2088424126","https://openalex.org/W2091190088","https://openalex.org/W2098062383","https://openalex.org/W2102357195","https://openalex.org/W2112375283","https://openalex.org/W2130995195","https://openalex.org/W2147091291","https://openalex.org/W2149688032","https://openalex.org/W2156022826","https://openalex.org/W2157989366","https://openalex.org/W2411888668","https://openalex.org/W4242847335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2280979543","https://openalex.org/W3125177880","https://openalex.org/W2246878561","https://openalex.org/W2610234067","https://openalex.org/W6051504","https://openalex.org/W1541698450","https://openalex.org/W4235507812","https://openalex.org/W2560344570","https://openalex.org/W1988801972","https://openalex.org/W2990368737"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"studies":[2],"the":[3,17,29,41,49,52,73,77,120,127],"solicitation":[4],"process":[5],"of":[6,19,31,51,113,122,130],"consumers'":[7],"consent":[8],"-":[9],"should":[10],"consumers":[11,87],"be":[12,99],"requested":[13],"to":[14,25,48,88],"explicitly":[15],"disapprove":[16],"use":[18,30,50],"their":[20,90],"personal":[21],"data":[22,33,91],"(opt-out),":[23],"or":[24],"acknowledge":[26],"and":[27,57,105,115,125],"permit":[28],"such":[32],"(opt-in)?":[34],"Although":[35],"these":[36,134],"two":[37,96],"actions":[38],"may":[39],"serve":[40],"same":[42],"functional":[43],"purpose":[44],"(i.e.,":[45],"grant":[46],"approval":[47],"supplied":[53],"information),":[54],"various":[55],"regulatory":[56],"industry":[58],"bodies":[59],"have":[60],"exhibited":[61],"opposing":[62],"attitudes":[63],"towards":[64],"them.":[65],"The":[66,95],"European":[67],"Union":[68],"Data":[69],"Directive":[70],"(1995)":[71],"endorses":[72],"opt-in":[74],"approach,":[75],"whereas":[76],"Direct":[78],"Marketing":[79],"Association":[80],"(DMA)":[81],"recommends":[82],"an":[83],"opt-out":[84],"procedure":[85],"for":[86],"remove":[89],"from":[92],"future":[93],"uses.":[94],"approaches":[97],"can":[98,118],"operationalized":[100],"via":[101],"different":[102,111],"option":[103],"frames":[104,114],"preference":[106],"elicitations.":[107],"We":[108],"illustrate":[109],"how":[110],"permutation":[112],"default":[116],"preferences":[117],"affect":[119],"level":[121],"consumer":[123],"participation":[124],"investigate":[126],"moderating":[128],"role":[129],"privacy":[131],"concern":[132],"on":[133],"corollaries.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
