{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2081580873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1124772.1124825","title":"symSpline","display_name":"symSpline","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2081580873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1124772.1124825","mag":"2081580873"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1124772.1124825","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1124772.1124825","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007541933","display_name":"Celine Latulipe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2132-0092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Celine Latulipe","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo","(University of Waterloo)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Waterloo)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063572090","display_name":"Stephen Mann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8528-2921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Mann","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo","(University of Waterloo)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Waterloo)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082892265","display_name":"Craig S. Kaplan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3168-6805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig S. Kaplan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo","(University of Waterloo)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Waterloo)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112416677","display_name":"Charlie Clarke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charlie L. A. Clarke","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo","(University of Waterloo)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Waterloo)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9491,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96605124,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"349","last_page":"358"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tangent","display_name":"Tangent","score":0.6866918802261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spline","display_name":"Spline (mechanical)","score":0.5752268433570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curvature","display_name":"Curvature","score":0.5639669299125671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tangent-vector","display_name":"Tangent vector","score":0.46283864974975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45581310987472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.42745739221572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41931259632110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.26836639642715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0915631353855133}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138187205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131251","display_name":"Tangent","level":2,"score":0.6866918802261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10390562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581809","display_name":"Spline (mechanical)","level":2,"score":0.5752268433570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.5639669299125671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47890412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1179296","display_name":"Tangent vector","level":3,"score":0.46283864974975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45581310987472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.42745739221572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41931259632110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.26836639642715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0915631353855133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1124772.1124825","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1124772.1124825","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1479682746","https://openalex.org/W1927822350","https://openalex.org/W1965296422","https://openalex.org/W1973443082","https://openalex.org/W1980148956","https://openalex.org/W1986446161","https://openalex.org/W1993448335","https://openalex.org/W1998138163","https://openalex.org/W2017603995","https://openalex.org/W2067870298","https://openalex.org/W2070158350","https://openalex.org/W2076602745","https://openalex.org/W2099682185","https://openalex.org/W2102547268","https://openalex.org/W2108147168","https://openalex.org/W2108672708","https://openalex.org/W2110148102","https://openalex.org/W2115918195","https://openalex.org/W2148355617","https://openalex.org/W2164952518","https://openalex.org/W2167686873","https://openalex.org/W2295302168","https://openalex.org/W2729618515","https://openalex.org/W4241581547","https://openalex.org/W4246436910","https://openalex.org/W4253784304","https://openalex.org/W6676239943","https://openalex.org/W6926190947","https://openalex.org/W6944907506"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101224588","https://openalex.org/W1976561797","https://openalex.org/W2322137306","https://openalex.org/W2158224879","https://openalex.org/W2048821739","https://openalex.org/W2013485381","https://openalex.org/W2924479417","https://openalex.org/W2364123591","https://openalex.org/W4243792188","https://openalex.org/W2021174839"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,64],"introduce":[1],"symSpline:":[2],"a":[3,78,83],"symmetric,":[4],"dual-mouse":[5,72,92,97],"technique":[6,68,111],"for":[7],"the":[8,18,21,24,32,37,40,47,50,57,62,66,89,104,110],"manipulation":[9,74],"of":[10,20,23,49,61],"spline":[11,51,73,84],"curves.":[12],"In":[13,82],"symSpline,":[14],"two":[15,70,90],"cursors":[16],"control":[17],"positions":[19],"ends":[22],"tangent":[25,33,38],"to":[26,56,69,77,100],"an":[27],"edit":[28,41],"point.":[29],"By":[30],"moving":[31],"with":[34],"both":[35],"mice,":[36],"and":[39,59,76,94],"point":[42],"can":[43],"be":[44,101],"translated":[45],"while":[46],"curvature":[48],"is":[52],"adjusted":[53],"simultaneously,":[54],"according":[55],"length":[58],"angle":[60],"tangent.":[63],"compare":[65],"symSpline":[67,87,108],"asymmetric":[71,91],"techniques":[75,93,98],"standard":[79],"single-mouse":[80,105],"technique.":[81,106],"matching":[85],"experiment,":[86],"outperformed":[88],"all":[95],"three":[96],"proved":[99],"faster":[102],"than":[103],"Additionally,":[107],"was":[109],"most":[112],"preferred":[113],"by":[114],"test":[115],"participants.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}