{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2164349427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1121241.1121291","title":"The effect of head-nod recognition in human-robot conversation","display_name":"The effect of head-nod recognition in human-robot conversation","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2164349427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1121241.1121291","mag":"2164349427"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1121241.1121291","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1121241.1121291","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI/SIGART conference on Human-robot interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109401695","display_name":"Candace L. Sidner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159266","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/053jnhe44","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306287861","https://openalex.org/I4210133125","https://openalex.org/I4210159266"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Candace L. Sidner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs, Cambridge MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs, Cambridge MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159266"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045996745","display_name":"Christopher Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8902-9480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159266","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/053jnhe44","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306287861","https://openalex.org/I4210133125","https://openalex.org/I4210159266"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs, Cambridge MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs, Cambridge MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159266"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081398601","display_name":"Louis\u2013Philippe Morency","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-7696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110987","display_name":"IIT@MIT","ror":"https://ror.org/01wp8zh54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326","https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Louis-Philippe Morency","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT CSAIL, Cambridge MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT CSAIL, Cambridge MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030367338","display_name":"Clifton Forlines","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159266","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/053jnhe44","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306287861","https://openalex.org/I4210133125","https://openalex.org/I4210159266"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clifton Forlines","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs, Cambridge MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs, Cambridge MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159266"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109401695"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159266"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.8419,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":104,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97353782,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"290","last_page":"296"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10653","display_name":"Robot Manipulation and Learning","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.8809819221496582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","score":0.7392297983169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.7143754959106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6354455947875977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/head","display_name":"Head (geology)","score":0.6156013607978821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.559470534324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.48516756296157837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38581547141075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.3555200695991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.32009321451187134}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.8809819221496582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145460709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","level":3,"score":0.7392297983169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.7143754959106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6354455947875977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780312720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5689100","display_name":"Head (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6156013607978821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.559470534324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.48516756296157837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38581547141075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.3555200695991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.32009321451187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1121241.1121291","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1121241.1121291","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI/SIGART conference on Human-robot interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.160.963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.160.963","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.merl.com/people/forlines/papers/2006_sidner_head_nod.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.332.4013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.332.4013","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://www.merl.com/reports/docs/TR2005-129.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.64.195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.64.195","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.merl.com/papers/docs/TR2005-129.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.73.6600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.73.6600","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ai.mit.edu/~lmorency/Papers/hri06.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1841352775","https://openalex.org/W1961647136","https://openalex.org/W1968729317","https://openalex.org/W1995999992","https://openalex.org/W2096284813","https://openalex.org/W2104146451","https://openalex.org/W2110316024","https://openalex.org/W2110683152","https://openalex.org/W2112351484","https://openalex.org/W2112618815","https://openalex.org/W2113272343","https://openalex.org/W2123795719","https://openalex.org/W2137091751","https://openalex.org/W2138541441","https://openalex.org/W2143046752","https://openalex.org/W2162941876","https://openalex.org/W4301357669"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968552888","https://openalex.org/W1527532029","https://openalex.org/W2765333006","https://openalex.org/W2167251627","https://openalex.org/W2579262885","https://openalex.org/W3205513966","https://openalex.org/W2052971528","https://openalex.org/W3120459843","https://openalex.org/W4366547574","https://openalex.org/W3200191727"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,84],"reports":[2],"on":[3,85],"a":[4,10,16,20,30,70,86],"study":[5,26,87],"of":[6,24,33,66,88,91,131],"human":[7,37,56,61],"participants":[8,115],"with":[9,19],"robot":[11,40,50,63,76,118,127],"designed":[12],"to":[13,28,38],"participate":[14],"in":[15,41,69,95,109,137],"collaborative":[17],"conversation":[18,102],"human.":[21],"The":[22,58],"purpose":[23],"the":[25,39,49,55,75,83,89,117,126],"was":[27],"investigate":[29],"particular":[31],"kind":[32],"gestural":[34,129],"feedback":[35,130],"from":[36,54],"these":[42,47],"conversations:":[43],"head":[44,52,93,105],"nods.":[45,140],"During":[46],"conversations,":[48],"recognized":[51],"nods":[53,94,106,121],"participant.":[57],"conversations":[59,111],"between":[60],"and":[62,78,80,112],"concern":[64],"demonstrations":[65],"inventions":[67],"created":[68],"lab.":[71],"We":[72,99],"briefly":[73],"discuss":[74],"hardware":[77],"architecture":[79],"then":[81],"focus":[82],"effects":[90],"understanding":[92],"three":[96],"different":[97],"conditions.":[98],"conclude":[100],"that":[101,113,116],"itself":[103],"triggers":[104],"by":[107],"people":[108],"human-robot":[110],"telling":[114],"recognizes":[119],"their":[120],"as":[122,124],"well":[123],"having":[125],"provide":[128],"its":[132],"nod":[133],"recognition":[134],"is":[135],"effective":[136],"producing":[138],"more":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}