{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011583832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1120212.1120366","title":"Testing for power usability","display_name":"Testing for power usability","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011583832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1120212.1120366","mag":"2011583832"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1120212.1120366","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1120212.1120366","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1120212.1120366","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CHI '97 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems looking to the future - CHI '97","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1120212.1120366","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077483650","display_name":"Keith S. Kara","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33976269","display_name":"Xerox (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/033q0mv79","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33976269","https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132870","display_name":"Xerox (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jwzwq24","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keith S. Kara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xerox Corporation, Rochester, NY","Xerox Corp, Rochester, NY#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xerox Corporation, Rochester, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xerox Corp, Rochester, NY#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33976269"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023157512","display_name":"Thomas J. Perry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2346-8082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33976269","display_name":"Xerox (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/033q0mv79","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33976269","https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132870","display_name":"Xerox (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jwzwq24","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas J. Perry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xerox Corporation, Rochester, NY","Xerox Corp, Rochester, NY#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xerox Corporation, Rochester, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xerox Corp, Rochester, NY#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33976269"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019052623","display_name":"Marc J. Krolczyk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33976269","display_name":"Xerox (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/033q0mv79","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33976269","https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132870","display_name":"Xerox (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jwzwq24","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc J. Krolczyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xerox Corporation, Rochester, NY","Xerox Corp, Rochester, NY#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xerox Corporation, Rochester, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xerox Corp, Rochester, NY#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33976269"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3734,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68733154,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"235","last_page":"235"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.9143521189689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learnability","display_name":"Learnability","score":0.8105194568634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6232165098190308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-engineering","display_name":"Usability engineering","score":0.619571328163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6147606372833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-usability-scale","display_name":"System usability scale","score":0.5885766744613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-experience-design","display_name":"User experience design","score":0.5697591304779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-lab","display_name":"Usability lab","score":0.5458479523658752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-usability","display_name":"Web usability","score":0.5259024500846863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.4948503375053406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-goals","display_name":"Usability goals","score":0.48298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-inspection","display_name":"Usability inspection","score":0.4790881276130676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.46332260966300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-walkthrough","display_name":"Cognitive walkthrough","score":0.4611089825630188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.41154199838638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06929993629455566}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.9143521189689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777723229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4367921","display_name":"Learnability","level":2,"score":0.8105194568634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6232165098190308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100302975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642623","display_name":"Usability engineering","level":3,"score":0.619571328163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6147606372833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139225968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146354","display_name":"System usability scale","level":4,"score":0.5885766744613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201025465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"User experience design","level":2,"score":0.5697591304779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11324603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2502322","display_name":"Usability lab","level":4,"score":0.5458479523658752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4237393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1636686","display_name":"Web usability","level":3,"score":0.5259024500846863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4948503375053406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62993174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928808","display_name":"Usability goals","level":4,"score":0.48298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23456302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7901668","display_name":"Usability inspection","level":4,"score":0.4790881276130676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.46332260966300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87105883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107002","display_name":"Cognitive walkthrough","level":4,"score":0.4611089825630188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.41154199838638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06929993629455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1120212.1120366","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1120212.1120366","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1120212.1120366","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CHI '97 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems looking to the future - CHI '97","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1120212.1120366","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1120212.1120366","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1120212.1120366","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CHI '97 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems looking to the future - CHI '97","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2011583832.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2011583832.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1558663422","https://openalex.org/W2152309982","https://openalex.org/W2500413623"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W110518437","https://openalex.org/W4285229023","https://openalex.org/W4283693611","https://openalex.org/W1579994910","https://openalex.org/W2215100485","https://openalex.org/W4249900088","https://openalex.org/W4230862284","https://openalex.org/W4379745096","https://openalex.org/W2075732570","https://openalex.org/W4289866031"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Usability":[0],"studies":[1],"are":[2],"usually":[3],"conducted":[4],"in":[5,11,24,101,132,136],"a":[6,15,20,39,95,107,126,187],"compressed":[7],"time":[8],"scale":[9],"(measured":[10,112],"hours)":[12],"compared":[13],"with":[14,19,38,94,178,182,193],"user's":[16],"eventual":[17],"experience":[18],"product":[21,40,96],"(often":[22],"measured":[23],"years).":[25],"For":[26],"this":[27,156],"reason,":[28],"typical":[29],"usability":[30,81,87,111,145,175],"evaluations":[31,88],"focus":[32,142],"on":[33,54,143],"success":[34,93,114],"during":[35],"initial":[36,55,92,110,144],"interactions":[37],"(sea":[41],"for":[42,160,165],"example":[43],"Dumas":[44],"&":[45,50],"Redish,":[46],"1994":[47],"and":[48,118],"Nielsen":[49],"Mack,":[51],"1994).":[52],"Success":[53],"use":[56],"is":[57,106,158],"often":[58,78,130],"driven":[59],"by":[60,113],"familiarity.":[61],"Are":[62],"what":[63],"we":[64,97],"call":[65],"\"intuitive\"":[66],"user":[67,72,102,128],"interfaces":[68],"really":[69],"just":[70],"familiar":[71],"interfaces?":[73],"This":[74],"\"familiarity":[75],"effect\"":[76],"can":[77],"swamp":[79],"the":[80,152,174,194],"differences":[82],"between":[83,109],"design":[84],"alternatives.":[85],"If":[86],"continue":[89],"to":[90,172,190],"emphasize":[91],"may":[98],"inhibit":[99],"innovation":[100],"interface":[103,129],"design.":[104],"There":[105],"tension":[108],"at":[115],"first":[116],"encounter)":[117],"efficiency":[119,137,149],"of":[120,125,138],"skilled":[121],"performance.":[122],"Initial":[123],"learning":[124,153],"product's":[127],"results":[131],"quite":[133],"rapid":[134],"increases":[135],"use.":[139],"A":[140],"narrow":[141],"elevates":[146],"learnability":[147],"above":[148],"once":[150],"\"up":[151],"curve\".":[154],"While":[155],"approach":[157],"appropriate":[159],"some":[161],"products":[162],"targeted":[163],"primarily":[164],"casual":[166],"/":[167],"occasional":[168],"users,":[169],"it":[170],"fails":[171],"capture":[173],"issues":[176],"associated":[177],"power":[179],"users":[180],"(those":[181],"significant":[183],"experience,":[184],"training,":[185],"or":[186],"professional":[188],"orientation":[189],"their":[191],"interaction":[192],"product).":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
