{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130640247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1120212.1120334","title":"Contextual design","display_name":"Contextual design","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130640247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1120212.1120334","mag":"2130640247"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1120212.1120334","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1120212.1120334","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CHI '97 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems looking to the future - CHI '97","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007465995","display_name":"Karen Holtzblatt","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Holtzblatt","raw_affiliation_strings":["InContext Enterprises, Inc., Harvard, MA","InContext Enterprises, Inc., 249 Ayer Rd., Suite 301, Harvard, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"InContext Enterprises, Inc., Harvard, MA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"InContext Enterprises, Inc., 249 Ayer Rd., Suite 301, Harvard, MA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032888719","display_name":"Hugh Beyer","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugh Beyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["InContext Enterprises, Inc., Harvard, MA","InContext Enterprises, Inc., 249 Ayer Rd., Suite 301, Harvard, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"InContext Enterprises, Inc., Harvard, MA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"InContext Enterprises, Inc., 249 Ayer Rd., Suite 301, Harvard, MA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9872,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":142,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92048518,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"184","last_page":"184"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11024","display_name":"Information Systems Theories and Implementation","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7777673602104187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6091355085372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.6090087890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-design","display_name":"Contextual design","score":0.5773154497146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","score":0.5311015248298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4823274314403534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4483559727668762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-design-process","display_name":"Engineering design process","score":0.43193796277046204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-design","display_name":"Product design","score":0.4310592710971832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4023226499557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.3712928891181946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.35105791687965393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.32222163677215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24451658129692078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13673058152198792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7777673602104187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6091355085372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6090087890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71611378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165191","display_name":"Contextual design","level":3,"score":0.5773154497146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5311015248298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4823274314403534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4483559727668762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34972735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920267","display_name":"Engineering design process","level":2,"score":0.43193796277046204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120823896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043226","display_name":"Product design","level":3,"score":0.4310592710971832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4023226499557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3712928891181946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.35105791687965393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.32222163677215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24451658129692078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13673058152198792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1120212.1120334","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1120212.1120334","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CHI '97 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems looking to the future - CHI '97","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1586692875","https://openalex.org/W1973816103","https://openalex.org/W1984234363","https://openalex.org/W1992427236","https://openalex.org/W2021625739","https://openalex.org/W2033407896","https://openalex.org/W2114537692","https://openalex.org/W2338335491"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4241523039","https://openalex.org/W2360028903","https://openalex.org/W4280543773","https://openalex.org/W178231042","https://openalex.org/W2366083136","https://openalex.org/W3155428698","https://openalex.org/W2356731179","https://openalex.org/W2785157016","https://openalex.org/W2612534069","https://openalex.org/W2388403499"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Field":[0],"data":[1,16,208],"gathering":[2],"techniques":[3,20],"such":[4],"as":[5,250],"Contextual":[6,203,232],"Inquiry":[7],"enable":[8],"a":[9,31,36,45,52,86,160,216,291],"design":[10,199,214],"team":[11],"to":[12,39,88,120,145,155,158,167,170,212,237,270],"gather":[13],"the":[14,28,62,65,77,130,147,176,184,197,242,276,294],"detailed":[15,111],"they":[17,93,283],"need.":[18],"These":[19,124],"produce":[21],"enormous":[22],"amounts":[23],"of":[24,30,64,79,149,219,244,253,293],"information":[25,112,139],"on":[26,241],"how":[27,80,144,154,166,192],"customers":[29],"system":[32,122],"work.":[33,82],"This":[34],"creates":[35],"new":[37],"problem---how":[38],"represent":[40,146],"all":[41],"this":[42,90,102,257],"detail":[43,91],"in":[44,97,152],"coherent,":[46],"comprehensible":[47],"form,":[48],"which":[49,179,205],"can":[50,94],"be":[51],"suitable":[53],"basis":[54],"for":[55,109,224],"design.":[56,123,173],"An":[57],"affinity":[58],"diagram":[59],"effectively":[60],"shows":[61],"scope":[63],"customer":[66],"problem,":[67],"but":[68],"is":[69,222,261],"less":[70],"effective":[71],"at":[72],"capturing":[73],"and":[74,116,138,165,182,186,201,209,234,263,278,290,297],"coherently":[75],"representing":[76,110],"details":[78],"people":[81],"Design":[83],"teams":[84],"need":[85],"way":[87],"organize":[89],"so":[92],"use":[95,168,183,248],"it":[96,211],"their":[98,287,298],"own":[99],"development":[100,137],"process.In":[101],"tutorial":[103,221],"we":[104,180],"present":[105,175],"our":[106,251],"latest":[107],"methods":[108,125,194],"about":[113],"work":[114,148,254],"practice":[115,187,255],"using":[117,245],"these":[118,157,169,193],"representations":[119],"drive":[121,171,213],"have":[126,227,285],"been":[127],"adopted":[128],"over":[129],"last":[131],"few":[132],"years":[133],"by":[134,178,265],"major":[135],"product":[136],"systems":[140],"organizations.":[141],"We":[142,174,190,267],"show":[143,191],"individual":[150],"users":[151],"models,":[153],"generalize":[156],"describe":[159],"whole":[161],"market":[162],"or":[163],"department,":[164],"innovative":[172],"process":[177,243],"build":[181],"models":[185],"key":[188],"steps.":[189],"fit":[195],"into":[196],"overall":[198],"process,":[200],"summarize":[202],"Design,":[204],"gathers":[206],"field":[207,229,246],"uses":[210],"through":[215,300],"well-defined":[217],"series":[218],"steps.The":[220],"appropriate":[223],"those":[225],"who":[226],"used":[228],"techniques,":[230],"especially":[231],"Inquiry,":[233],"would":[235],"like":[236],"put":[238],"more":[239],"structure":[240],"data.We":[247],"shopping":[249,260,273,281],"example":[252],"throughout":[256],"tutorial,":[258,277],"since":[259],"simple":[262],"understood":[264],"everyone.":[266],"encourage":[268],"participants":[269],"go":[271],"grocery":[272],"shortly":[274],"before":[275],"bring":[279],"any":[280],"list":[282],"may":[284],"used,":[286],"store":[288,295],"receipt,":[289],"drawing":[292],"layout":[296],"movement":[299],"it.":[301]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
