{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2072538254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1119766.1119771","title":"Face recognition based on polar frequency features","display_name":"Face recognition based on polar frequency features","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2072538254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1119766.1119771","mag":"2072538254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1119766.1119771","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1145/1119766.1119771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32453091","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","issn_l":"1544-3558","issn":["1544-3558","1544-3965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1119766.1119771","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yossi Zana","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yossi Zana","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090955523","display_name":"Roberto M. C\u00e9sar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2701-4288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto M. Cesar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4266,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94934515,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"62","last_page":"82"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7800360918045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7783002853393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.6147642135620117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5718877911567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.5492203831672668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.534415602684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-distance","display_name":"Euclidean distance","score":0.5074750781059265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.4473341703414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.410773366689682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38429731130599976}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7800360918045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7783002853393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.6147642135620117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5718877911567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.5492203831672668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.534415602684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120174047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847073","display_name":"Euclidean distance","level":2,"score":0.5074750781059265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.4473341703414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.410773366689682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38429731130599976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1119766.1119771","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1145/1119766.1119771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32453091","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","issn_l":"1544-3558","issn":["1544-3558","1544-3965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:001515443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1119766.1119771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"reponame:Reposit\u00f3rio Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produ\u00e7\u00e3o Intelectual)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.330.1467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.330.1467","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.vision.ime.usp.br/creativision/publications/pdf/ZanaCesar2006.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:001515443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1119766.1119771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"reponame:Reposit\u00f3rio Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produ\u00e7\u00e3o Intelectual)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12413451","https://openalex.org/W68638158","https://openalex.org/W176771925","https://openalex.org/W1480865305","https://openalex.org/W1484503832","https://openalex.org/W1498915505","https://openalex.org/W1509349128","https://openalex.org/W1519241818","https://openalex.org/W1561235447","https://openalex.org/W1586420997","https://openalex.org/W1591062915","https://openalex.org/W1591417583","https://openalex.org/W1711956092","https://openalex.org/W1770825568","https://openalex.org/W1784100992","https://openalex.org/W1796578254","https://openalex.org/W1884279553","https://openalex.org/W1966175623","https://openalex.org/W1967087917","https://openalex.org/W1967291037","https://openalex.org/W1969401843","https://openalex.org/W1972088455","https://openalex.org/W1975515564","https://openalex.org/W1976866133","https://openalex.org/W1978052431","https://openalex.org/W1991823212","https://openalex.org/W1993256372","https://openalex.org/W1993452522","https://openalex.org/W1994780340","https://openalex.org/W1994988029","https://openalex.org/W1997011019","https://openalex.org/W1999772635","https://openalex.org/W1999908130","https://openalex.org/W2002016471","https://openalex.org/W2002476095","https://openalex.org/W2003580641","https://openalex.org/W2006266957","https://openalex.org/W2011937936","https://openalex.org/W2016199505","https://openalex.org/W2023377171","https://openalex.org/W2027134191","https://openalex.org/W2027914108","https://openalex.org/W2029683698","https://openalex.org/W2036968376","https://openalex.org/W2037651268","https://openalex.org/W2040222641","https://openalex.org/W2051885135","https://openalex.org/W2056378699","https://openalex.org/W2056472014","https://openalex.org/W2056734763","https://openalex.org/W2062104878","https://openalex.org/W2063910430","https://openalex.org/W2073899905","https://openalex.org/W2093443629","https://openalex.org/W2094897166","https://openalex.org/W2095757522","https://openalex.org/W2101276256","https://openalex.org/W2103560185","https://openalex.org/W2103698290","https://openalex.org/W2104968725","https://openalex.org/W2117731089","https://openalex.org/W2120954940","https://openalex.org/W2128440181","https://openalex.org/W2131102923","https://openalex.org/W2131273085","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2137263451","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2139314678","https://openalex.org/W2141287989","https://openalex.org/W2144354855","https://openalex.org/W2146234192","https://openalex.org/W2158275940","https://openalex.org/W2170886075","https://openalex.org/W2180187800","https://openalex.org/W2187150254","https://openalex.org/W2223277346","https://openalex.org/W2314650416","https://openalex.org/W2571005040","https://openalex.org/W2596164567","https://openalex.org/W2757172981","https://openalex.org/W3085779464","https://openalex.org/W3087493539","https://openalex.org/W3113942312","https://openalex.org/W4242225526","https://openalex.org/W4250689175","https://openalex.org/W4253776081","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6783000674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995039490","https://openalex.org/W2182646186","https://openalex.org/W2116423617","https://openalex.org/W2003054897","https://openalex.org/W2077878713","https://openalex.org/W2370292837","https://openalex.org/W4210360969","https://openalex.org/W2386644757","https://openalex.org/W2353313924","https://openalex.org/W2909812680"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,46],"novel":[1],"biologically":[2],"motivated":[3],"face-recognition":[4],"algorithm":[5,160],"based":[6],"on":[7,52,78,102],"polar":[8,133,192],"frequency":[9,13,134,193,209],"is":[10,31,36],"presented.":[11],"Polar":[12],"descriptors":[14,63],"are":[15,224,233],"extracted":[16],"from":[17],"face":[18,83,196,231],"images":[19,30,91,197,223],"by":[20,39,125,180],"Fourier--Bessel":[21],"transform":[22,61],"(FBT).":[23],"Next,":[24],"the":[25,43,95,103,112,116,126,148,158,163,186,191,207,215,222],"Euclidean":[26],"distance":[27],"between":[28],"all":[29],"computed":[32],"and":[33,64,81,86,97,109,115,202,205],"each":[34],"image":[35],"now":[37],"represented":[38],"its":[40],"dissimilarity":[41,54],"to":[42,122,143,175,200],"other":[44],"images.":[45],"pseudo-Fisher":[47],"linear":[48],"discriminant":[49],"was":[50,71,106,156],"built":[51],"this":[53],"space.":[55],"The":[56,74,130],"performance":[57,173],"of":[58,67,190,195],"discrete":[59],"Fourier":[60],"(DFT)":[62],"a":[65,79,166],"combination":[66],"both":[68],"feature":[69],"types":[70],"also":[72],"evaluated.":[73],"algorithms":[75],"were":[76,136],"tested":[77],"40-":[80],"1196-subjects":[82],"database":[84,105],"(ORL":[85],"FERET,":[87],"respectively).":[88],"With":[89],"five":[90],"per":[92],"subject":[93],"in":[94,165,198],"training":[96],"test":[98],"datasets,":[99],"error":[100],"rate":[101],"ORL":[104],"3.8,":[107],"1.25,":[108],"0.2%":[110],"for":[111,229],"FBT,":[113],"DFT,":[114],"combined":[117],"classifier,":[118],"respectively,":[119],"as":[120],"compared":[121],"2.6%":[123],"achieved":[124,172],"best":[127],"previous":[128],"algorithm.":[129],"most":[131],"informative":[132,188],"features":[135],"concentrated":[137],"at":[138],"low-to-medium":[139],"angular":[140],"frequencies":[141],"coupled":[142],"low":[144],"radial":[145],"frequencies.":[146],"On":[147],"FERET":[149],"database,":[150],"where":[151],"an":[152],"affine":[153],"normalization":[154],"preprocessing":[155],"applied,":[157],"FBT":[159],"outperformed":[161],"only":[162,220],"PCA":[164],"rank":[167],"recognition":[168,201,232],"test.":[169],"However,":[170],"it":[171],"comparable":[174],"state-of-the-art":[176],"methods":[177],"when":[178,221],"evaluated":[179],"verification":[181,203],"tests.":[182],"These":[183],"results":[184],"indicate":[185],"high":[187],"value":[189],"content":[194,210],"relation":[199],"tasks":[204],"that":[206],"Cartesian":[208],"can":[211],"complement":[212],"information":[213],"about":[214],"subjects'":[216],"identity,":[217],"but":[218],"possibly":[219],"not":[225],"prenormalized.":[226],"Possible":[227],"implications":[228],"human":[230],"discussed.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}