{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2034610869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1117309.1117344","title":"A comparative usability study of two Japanese gaze typing systems","display_name":"A comparative usability study of two Japanese gaze typing systems","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2034610869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1117309.1117344","mag":"2034610869"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1117309.1117344","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1117309.1117344","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications  - ETRA '06","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075867039","display_name":"Kenji Itoh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7480-2853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenji Itoh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Institute of Technology","Tokyo Inst. of Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Inst. of Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058484666","display_name":"Hirotaka Aoki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8827-9004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hirotaka Aoki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Institute of Technology","Tokyo Inst. of Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Inst. of Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017496555","display_name":"John Paulin Hansen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5594-3645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83467386","display_name":"IT University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/02309jg23","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Paulin Hansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["IT-University of Copenhagen","IT-UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IT-University of Copenhagen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IT-UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8749,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90024087,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"59","last_page":"59"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.965399980545044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9649999737739563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.7502758502960205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7452409267425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.6639962792396545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.6518190503120422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bittorrent-tracker","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","score":0.5787549018859863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5635320544242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.5588363409042358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typing","display_name":"Typing","score":0.5300528407096863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5281873941421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48432981967926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.4761659801006317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.4677239656448364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.4488334357738495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.176661878824234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11487305164337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1054571270942688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09833952784538269}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.7502758502960205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7452409267425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.6639962792396545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.6518190503120422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57501372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2021268","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","level":3,"score":0.5787549018859863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5635320544242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.5588363409042358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781209916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3215756","display_name":"Typing","level":2,"score":0.5300528407096863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5281873941421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48432981967926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.4761659801006317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.4677239656448364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.4488334357738495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.176661878824234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11487305164337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1054571270942688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09833952784538269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1117309.1117344","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1117309.1117344","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications  - ETRA '06","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.93.6951","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.93.6951","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.itu.dk/courses/U/E2007/filer/p59-itoh.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W345512611","https://openalex.org/W1276082511","https://openalex.org/W1563141555","https://openalex.org/W1855869282","https://openalex.org/W1939614806","https://openalex.org/W1979038477","https://openalex.org/W1991691398","https://openalex.org/W2004496150","https://openalex.org/W2005872415","https://openalex.org/W2031781307","https://openalex.org/W2103751734","https://openalex.org/W2110228188","https://openalex.org/W2170263594","https://openalex.org/W2170786504","https://openalex.org/W2182025540","https://openalex.org/W2342091124"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2480793735","https://openalex.org/W4384788979","https://openalex.org/W2511178891","https://openalex.org/W2126676984","https://openalex.org/W178060743","https://openalex.org/W2909390414","https://openalex.org/W2954509079","https://openalex.org/W2161294397","https://openalex.org/W2012644758","https://openalex.org/W3104472694"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,59],"complex":[1],"interplay":[2],"between":[3,84],"gaze":[4],"tracker":[5,135],"accuracy":[6],"and":[7,51,80,87,97],"interface":[8],"design":[9],"is":[10,37],"the":[11,44,57,85,105,114,129,132,163],"focus":[12],"of":[13,20,43,56,71,94,104,120,122],"this":[14],"paper.":[15],"Two":[16],"slightly":[17,111],"different":[18,127],"variants":[19],"GazeTalk,":[21],"a":[22,29,49,52],"hierarchical":[23,107],"typing":[24,72,100],"interface,":[25,31],"were":[26,46,124,145],"contrasted":[27],"with":[28,48,101],"novel":[30],"Dasher,":[32],"in":[33,118,162],"which":[34],"text":[35],"entry":[36],"done":[38],"by":[39],"continuous":[40],"navigation.":[41],"All":[42],"interfaces":[45],"tested":[47],"good":[50],"deliberate":[53,133],"bad":[54,134],"calibration":[55],"tracker.":[58],"purpose":[60],"was":[61,110],"to":[62],"investigate,":[63],"if":[64],"performance":[65],"indices":[66],"normally":[67],"used":[68],"for":[69,128],"evaluation":[70],"systems,":[73,130],"such":[74],"as":[75],"characters":[76],"per":[77],"minute":[78],"(CPM)":[79],"error-rate,":[81],"could":[82],"differentiate":[83],"conditions,":[86],"thus":[88],"guide":[89],"an":[90],"iterative":[91],"system":[92],"development":[93],"both":[95],"trackers":[96],"interfaces.":[98],"Gaze":[99],"one":[102],"version":[103],"static,":[106],"menu":[108],"systems":[109],"faster":[112],"than":[113,160],"others.":[115],"Error":[116],"measures,":[117],"terms":[119],"rate":[121],"backspacing,":[123],"also":[125],"significantly":[126],"while":[131],"calibrations":[136],"did":[137],"not":[138],"have":[139],"any":[140],"measurable":[141],"effect.":[142],"Learning":[143],"effects":[144],"evident":[146],"under":[147],"all":[148],"conditions.":[149],"Power-law-of-practice":[150],"learning":[151],"models":[152],"suggested":[153],"that":[154],"Dasher":[155],"might":[156],"be":[157],"more":[158],"efficient":[159],"GazeTalk":[161],"long":[164],"run.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}