{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995348478","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1117201.1117231","title":"Application-specific customization of soft processor microarchitecture","display_name":"Application-specific customization of soft processor microarchitecture","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995348478","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1117201.1117231","mag":"1995348478"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1117201.1117231","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1117201.1117231","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 ACM/SIGDA 14th international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009732949","display_name":"Peter Yiannacouras","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter Yiannacouras","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110755517","display_name":"J. Gregory Steffan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Gregory Steffan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090184149","display_name":"Jonathan Rose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3551-2175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Rose","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009732949"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.5143,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98271128,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"201","last_page":"210"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microarchitecture","display_name":"Microarchitecture","score":0.8889011144638062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8214471340179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.7577407360076904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7006732225418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5704009532928467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processor-design","display_name":"Processor design","score":0.5404887795448303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5372531414031982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.515061616897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5044504404067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microprocessor","display_name":"Microprocessor","score":0.4360429346561432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instruction-set","display_name":"Instruction set","score":0.4267006516456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalization","display_name":"Personalization","score":0.4112551808357239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.40351957082748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.20748448371887207}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107598950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q259864","display_name":"Microarchitecture","level":2,"score":0.8889011144638062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8214471340179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.7577407360076904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7006732225418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5704009532928467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526435321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303814","display_name":"Processor design","level":2,"score":0.5404887795448303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5372531414031982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.515061616897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5044504404067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780728072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5297","display_name":"Microprocessor","level":2,"score":0.4360429346561432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202491316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272683","display_name":"Instruction set","level":2,"score":0.4267006516456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183003079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000371","display_name":"Personalization","level":2,"score":0.4112551808357239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.40351957082748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.20748448371887207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1117201.1117231","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1117201.1117231","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2006 ACM/SIGDA 14th international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.60.6136","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.60.6136","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eecg.toronto.edu/~steffan/papers/fpga06.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.74.5382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.74.5382","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eecg.toronto.edu/~jayar/pubs/yiannacouras/yiannacourasfpga06.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.92.3485","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.92.3485","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eecg.toronto.edu/~yiannac/docs/fpga06.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1612189975","https://openalex.org/W1686420892","https://openalex.org/W2038318386","https://openalex.org/W2098681688","https://openalex.org/W2115541788","https://openalex.org/W2139836711","https://openalex.org/W2532977569"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4250432526","https://openalex.org/W2101536355","https://openalex.org/W2171175484","https://openalex.org/W2085872434","https://openalex.org/W2026084820","https://openalex.org/W2562747857","https://openalex.org/W4308095153","https://openalex.org/W4213087105","https://openalex.org/W2883183116","https://openalex.org/W4252240422"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"key":[1],"advantage":[2,67],"of":[3,41,68,112,116,165,184,206,222,255],"soft":[4,46,92],"processors":[5,15,47,93],"(processors":[6],"built":[7],"on":[8,188,210,230],"an":[9,24,87,159,250],"FPGA":[10],"programmable":[11],"fabric)":[12],"over":[13,192],"hard":[14],"is":[16,142,152],"that":[17,79,94,137,141,172,199,213,220],"they":[18,52],"can":[19,176,229],"be":[20],"customized":[21,216],"to":[22,73,179,217],"suit":[23],"application":[25,228],"program's":[26],"specific":[27,74,227],"software.":[28],"This":[29],"notion":[30],"has":[31],"been":[32],"exploited":[33],"in":[34,55,84,163,235,253],"the":[35,39,66,70,96,110,138,155,185,193,207,223],"past":[36],"principally":[37],"through":[38],"use":[40,203],"application-specific":[42],"instructions.":[43],"While":[44],"commercial":[45],"are":[48,53,81,246],"now":[49],"widely":[50],"deployed,":[51],"available":[54,208],"only":[56,204,219],"a":[57,173,214,226],"few":[58],"microarchitectural":[59],"variations.":[60],"In":[61],"this":[62],"work":[63],"we":[64,108,170,248],"explore":[65,109],"tuning":[69,113],"processor's":[71],"microarchitecture":[72,117,175],"software":[75,122],"applications,":[76],"and":[77,128,133,187,212,238],"show":[78,198],"there":[80],"significant":[82],"advantages":[83],"doing":[85],"so.Using":[86],"infrastructure":[88],"for":[89,158,182,225,244],"automatically":[90],"generating":[91],"span":[95],"area/speed":[97],"design":[98,140,157],"space":[99],"(while":[100],"remaining":[101],"competitive":[102],"with":[103],"Altera's":[104],"Nios":[105],"II":[106],"variations),":[107],"impact":[111],"several":[114],"aspects":[115],"including:":[118],"(i)":[119],"hardware":[120],"vs":[121],"multiplication":[123],"support;":[124],"(ii)":[125],"shifter":[126],"implementation;":[127],"(iii)":[129],"pipeline":[130],"depth,":[131],"organization,":[132],"forwarding.":[134],"We":[135,196],"find":[136],"processor":[139,215],"fastest":[143,156],"overall":[144],"(on":[145],"average":[146,189,231,251],"across":[147],"our":[148,200],"embedded":[149],"benchmark":[150,201],"applications)":[151],"often":[153],"also":[154,197],"individual":[160],"application.":[161],"However,":[162],"terms":[164],"area":[166,237],"efficiency":[167],"(i.e.,":[168],"performance-per-area),":[169],"demonstrate":[171],"tuned":[174],"offer":[177,232],"up":[178],"30%":[180],"improvement":[181,191,252],"three":[183],"benchmarks":[186],"11.4%":[190],"fastest-on-average":[194],"design.":[195],"applications":[202],"50%":[205],"instructions":[209],"average,":[211],"support":[218],"subset":[221],"ISA":[224],"25%":[233],"savings":[234],"both":[236,242],"energy.":[239],"Finally,":[240],"when":[241],"techniques":[243],"customization":[245],"combined":[247],"obtain":[249],"performance-per-area":[254],"25%.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}