{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4294553782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1111322.1111328","title":"The internet AS-level topology","display_name":"The internet AS-level topology","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4294553782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1111322.1111328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1111322.1111328","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1111322.1111328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66039016","display_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","issn_l":"0146-4833","issn":["0146-4833","1943-5819"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024477241","display_name":"Priya Mahadevan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0240-4490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140792","display_name":"Universidad Cat\u00f3lica Santo Domingo","ror":"https://ror.org/04ytq6y86","country_code":"DO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140792"]}],"countries":["DO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Priya Mahadevan","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCSD"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCSD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027757403","display_name":"Dmitri Krioukov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9478-8182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126499","display_name":"Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02e6k9z27","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177639307","https://openalex.org/I4210126499","https://openalex.org/I87048295"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dmitri Krioukov","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126499"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077417426","display_name":"Marina Fomenkov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126499","display_name":"Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02e6k9z27","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177639307","https://openalex.org/I4210126499","https://openalex.org/I87048295"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marina Fomenkov","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126499"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080514654","display_name":"Xenofontas Dimitropoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2600-7633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xenofontas Dimitropoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Tech"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072282499","display_name":"kc claffy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4824-3493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126499","display_name":"Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02e6k9z27","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177639307","https://openalex.org/I4210126499","https://openalex.org/I87048295"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"k c claffy","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126499"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050245571","display_name":"Amin Vahdat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4866-1698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140792","display_name":"Universidad Cat\u00f3lica Santo Domingo","ror":"https://ror.org/04ytq6y86","country_code":"DO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140792"]}],"countries":["DO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amin Vahdat","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCSD"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCSD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024477241"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140792"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.1624,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":245,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99663462,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"1","first_page":"17","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traceroute","display_name":"traceroute","score":0.8940162658691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.8394826650619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7904093265533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-topology","display_name":"Internet topology","score":0.7878832817077637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6658070087432861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.6114084720611572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree-distribution","display_name":"Degree distribution","score":0.49760177731513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-topology","display_name":"Logical topology","score":0.4315720200538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.40234991908073425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3522196412086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32593026757240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.27466705441474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.2385978400707245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09146630764007568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157497606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603227","display_name":"traceroute","level":3,"score":0.8940162658691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.8394826650619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7904093265533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99237066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092610","display_name":"Internet topology","level":3,"score":0.7878832817077637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6658070087432861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.6114084720611572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87414783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1002603","display_name":"Degree distribution","level":3,"score":0.49760177731513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117729477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Logical topology","level":3,"score":0.4315720200538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.40234991908073425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3522196412086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32593026757240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.27466705441474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.2385978400707245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09146630764007568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1111322.1111328","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1111322.1111328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66039016","display_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","issn_l":"0146-4833","issn":["0146-4833","1943-5819"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1572923654","https://openalex.org/W1599740739","https://openalex.org/W1612403525","https://openalex.org/W1940675549","https://openalex.org/W1976969221","https://openalex.org/W2008211892","https://openalex.org/W2039390926","https://openalex.org/W2040956707","https://openalex.org/W2050353626","https://openalex.org/W2105498167","https://openalex.org/W2108673686","https://openalex.org/W2116053806","https://openalex.org/W2122551473","https://openalex.org/W2125832781","https://openalex.org/W2140668275","https://openalex.org/W2160565743","https://openalex.org/W2162133150","https://openalex.org/W2163252320","https://openalex.org/W2167677198","https://openalex.org/W2171707538","https://openalex.org/W3023699522","https://openalex.org/W4205300528","https://openalex.org/W4210901545","https://openalex.org/W4251593012","https://openalex.org/W6674720454","https://openalex.org/W6674948142","https://openalex.org/W6676123181","https://openalex.org/W6676218598","https://openalex.org/W6682040041"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1627240992","https://openalex.org/W3044340290","https://openalex.org/W2375618361","https://openalex.org/W2118404561","https://openalex.org/W2162229343","https://openalex.org/W2110834041","https://openalex.org/W2010149586","https://openalex.org/W1547556861","https://openalex.org/W97396479","https://openalex.org/W2139929478"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,28,76],"calculate":[1],"an":[2],"extensive":[3],"set":[4],"of":[5,83,111,131,152],"characteristics":[6],"for":[7,72,156],"Internet":[8,63],"AS":[9,64],"topologies":[10,34,65],"extracted":[11],"from":[12,43],"the":[13,21,44,48,55,78,81,84,90,99,106,112,119,121,127],"three":[14,85],"data":[15,86,100,145,154],"sources":[16,155],"most":[17],"frequently":[18],"used":[19],"by":[20],"research":[22],"community:":[23],"traceroutes,":[24],"BGP,":[25],"and":[26,32,89,129,146],"WHOIS.":[27],"discover":[29],"that":[30,54],"traceroute":[31],"BGP":[33],"are":[35],"similar":[36],"to":[37,60,118,139,147],"one":[38],"another":[39],"but":[40],"differ":[41],"substantially":[42],"WHOIS":[45],"topology.":[46],"Among":[47],"widely":[49],"considered":[50],"metrics,":[51],"we":[52,96,116],"find":[53],"joint":[56,108],"degree":[57,109],"distribution":[58],"appears":[59],"fundamentally":[61],"characterize":[62],"as":[66,68],"well":[67],"narrowly":[69],"define":[70],"values":[71],"other":[73],"important":[74],"metrics.":[75],"discuss":[77],"interplay":[79],"between":[80],"specifics":[82],"collection":[87,101],"mechanisms":[88],"resulting":[91,107],"topology":[92,123,153],"views.":[93],"In":[94],"particular,":[95],"how":[97,98],"peculiarities":[102],"explain":[103],"differences":[104],"in":[105],"distributions":[110],"respective":[113],"topologies.":[114],"Finally,":[115],"release":[117],"community":[120],"input":[122],"datasets,":[124],"along":[125],"with":[126],"scripts":[128],"output":[130],"our":[132],"calculations.":[133],"This":[134],"supplement":[135],"hould":[136],"enable":[137],"researchers":[138],"validate":[140],"their":[141,157],"models":[142],"against":[143],"real":[144],"make":[148],"more":[149],"informed":[150],"election":[151],"specific":[158],"needs":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":21}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2022-09-04T00:00:00"}