{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2075015214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1108590.1108616","title":"Duplicating road patterns in south african informal settlements using procedural techniques","display_name":"Duplicating road patterns in south african informal settlements using procedural techniques","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2075015214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1108590.1108616","mag":"2075015214"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1108590.1108616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1108590.1108616","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Computer graphics, virtual reality, visualisation and interaction in Africa","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061914542","display_name":"Kevin Glass","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203238179","display_name":"Rhodes University","ror":"https://ror.org/016sewp10","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin R. Glass","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa","Rhodes University,, Grahamstown, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rhodes University,, Grahamstown, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064000583","display_name":"Chantelle Morkel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203238179","display_name":"Rhodes University","ror":"https://ror.org/016sewp10","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chantelle Morkel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa","Rhodes University,, Grahamstown, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rhodes University,, Grahamstown, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012403620","display_name":"Shaun Bangay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2117-9970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203238179","display_name":"Rhodes University","ror":"https://ror.org/016sewp10","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaun D. Bangay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa","Rhodes University,, Grahamstown, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rhodes University,, Grahamstown, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203238179"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9759,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96292771,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"161","last_page":"169"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-settlement","display_name":"Human settlement","score":0.8341439962387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subdivision","display_name":"Subdivision","score":0.7684253454208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voronoi-diagram","display_name":"Voronoi diagram","score":0.6760591268539429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6003364324569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-settlements","display_name":"Informal settlements","score":0.5587152242660522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.5380335450172424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settlement","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","score":0.5213636159896851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3156335949897766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.22470903396606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.12182310223579407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09384891390800476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.07305306196212769}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16678853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486972","display_name":"Human settlement","level":2,"score":0.8341439962387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143392562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q449111","display_name":"Subdivision","level":2,"score":0.7684253454208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24881265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757267","display_name":"Voronoi diagram","level":2,"score":0.6760591268539429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6003364324569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992462627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96382144","display_name":"Informal settlements","level":2,"score":0.5587152242660522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5380335450172424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553237","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","level":3,"score":0.5213636159896851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3156335949897766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.22470903396606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12182310223579407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09384891390800476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.07305306196212769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1108590.1108616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1108590.1108616","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Computer graphics, virtual reality, visualisation and interaction in Africa","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dro.deakin.edu.au:DU:30039195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402457","display_name":"Deakin Research Online (Deakin University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","host_organization_name":"Deakin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W399791332","https://openalex.org/W1507930944","https://openalex.org/W1544152905","https://openalex.org/W1605704215","https://openalex.org/W1968445472","https://openalex.org/W2000690667","https://openalex.org/W2005314985","https://openalex.org/W2028582953","https://openalex.org/W2086227409","https://openalex.org/W2117741646","https://openalex.org/W2137031487","https://openalex.org/W2158900455","https://openalex.org/W2271130281","https://openalex.org/W2911302472","https://openalex.org/W3145210495","https://openalex.org/W4205503054","https://openalex.org/W6632417832"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2584343622","https://openalex.org/W2779408155","https://openalex.org/W2020518286","https://openalex.org/W4308792285","https://openalex.org/W2488700736","https://openalex.org/W4300416778","https://openalex.org/W3035556150","https://openalex.org/W4391185009","https://openalex.org/W2564993414","https://openalex.org/W2584273775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tThe":[0],"formation":[1],"of":[2,17,34,42,71,78,112,123,139,154],"informal":[3,43,150,170],"settlements":[4,44,90],"in":[5,14,24],"and":[6,27,60,93,102,118,128,142,158],"around":[7],"urban":[8,56],"complexes":[9],"has":[10],"largely":[11],"been":[12],"ignored":[13],"the":[15,32,40,69,82,106,113,119,145,164],"context":[16],"procedural":[18,47,95,114],"city":[19],"modeling.":[20],"However,":[21],"many":[22],"cities":[23],"South":[25,54],"Africa":[26],"globally":[28],"can":[29],"attest":[30],"to":[31,104,148,162,167],"presence":[33],"such":[35,89],"settlements.":[36,79,130,151],"This":[37],"paper":[38],"analyses":[39],"phenomenon":[41],"from":[45,52],"a":[46,66,137,168],"modeling":[48],"perspective.":[49],"Aerial":[50],"photography":[51],"two":[53],"African":[55],"complexes,":[57],"namely":[58],"Johannesburg":[59],"Cape":[61],"Town":[62],"is":[63,116,134,160],"used":[64],"as":[65],"basis":[67],"for":[68,126],"extraction":[70],"various":[72,94],"features":[73],"that":[74,136],"distinguish":[75],"different":[76],"types":[77],"In":[80,131],"particular,":[81],"road":[83],"patterns":[84],"which":[85],"have":[86],"formed":[87],"within":[88],"are":[91],"analysed,":[92],"techniques":[96,115,124],"proposed":[97],"(including":[98],"Voronoi":[99,140,156],"diagrams,":[100],"subdivision":[101,143,159],"L-systems)":[103],"replicate":[105],"identified":[107,125],"features.":[108],"A":[109,152],"qualitative":[110],"assessment":[111],"provided,":[117],"most":[120],"suitable":[121],"combination":[122,138,153],"unstructured":[127,149],"structured":[129,169],"particular":[132],"it":[133],"found":[135,161],"diagrams":[141,157],"provides":[144],"closest":[146,165],"match":[147],"L-systems,":[155],"produce":[163],"pattern":[166],"settlement.&lt;br":[171],"/&gt;\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
