{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983241886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1107458.1107495","title":"From PIM to GIM","display_name":"From PIM to GIM","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983241886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1107458.1107495","mag":"1983241886"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1107458.1107495","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1107458.1107495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110106297","display_name":"Thomas Erickson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321014770","display_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","ror":"https://ror.org/03wsadn68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321014770"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Erickson","raw_affiliation_strings":["","Association For Computing Machinery"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Association For Computing Machinery","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321014770"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110106297"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321014770"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.548,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9885286,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"1","first_page":"74","last_page":"75"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5912734270095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5567547082901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-sharing","display_name":"Information sharing","score":0.4970994293689728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personally-identifiable-information","display_name":"Personally identifiable information","score":0.4713056981563568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.4630472958087921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.4525134861469269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.41080546379089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3200797140598297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2775559723377228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2538108229637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.1248190701007843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10730013251304626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08178487420082092}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5912734270095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5567547082901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776854237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031064","display_name":"Information sharing","level":2,"score":0.4970994293689728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169093310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3702971","display_name":"Personally identifiable information","level":2,"score":0.4713056981563568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4630472958087921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.4525134861469269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.41080546379089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3200797140598297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2775559723377228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2538108229637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1248190701007843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10730013251304626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08178487420082092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1107458.1107495","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1107458.1107495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W175946208","https://openalex.org/W147720509","https://openalex.org/W4245318332","https://openalex.org/W1536759569","https://openalex.org/W2213445138","https://openalex.org/W2886266782","https://openalex.org/W2500739510","https://openalex.org/W4386447091","https://openalex.org/W2940702331","https://openalex.org/W2338538212"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sharing":[0],"personal":[1],"information":[2,23],"with":[3],"networked":[4],"groups":[5],"and":[6,12],"institutions":[7],"raises":[8],"questions":[9],"about":[10],"privacy":[11],"control":[13],"best":[14],"addressed":[15],"through":[16],"a":[17],"new":[18],"field":[19],"of":[20],"inquiry:":[21],"group":[22],"management.":[24]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}