{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2106191340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1102351.1102358","title":"Error limiting reductions between classification tasks","display_name":"Error limiting reductions between classification tasks","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2106191340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1102351.1102358","mag":"2106191340"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1102351.1102358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1102351.1102358","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Machine learning  - ICML '05","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078135763","display_name":"Alina Beygelzimer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alina Beygelzimer","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY","IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055553753","display_name":"Varsha Dani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1651-1987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Varsha Dani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, IL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113691432","display_name":"T M Hayes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom Hayes","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, CA","University of California: Berkeley, CA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California: Berkeley, CA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005003250","display_name":"John Langford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9811-3550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160992636","display_name":"Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02sn5gb64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160992636"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Langford","raw_affiliation_strings":["TTI-Chicago, Chicago, IL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TTI-Chicago, Chicago, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160992636"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006347550","display_name":"Bianca Zadrozny","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7260-2057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bianca Zadrozny","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Height, NY","IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Height, NY#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Height, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Height, NY#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078135763"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.937,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96058319,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"49","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-classification","display_name":"Binary classification","score":0.7566584944725037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oracle","display_name":"Oracle","score":0.7490062117576599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7343543767929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.635525107383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6261556148529053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.6146808862686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6063323020935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.5325459837913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.5055286884307861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.48402661085128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiclass-classification","display_name":"Multiclass classification","score":0.47538506984710693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-supervised-learning","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","score":0.4459095895290375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.44280707836151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.44109103083610535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.42969435453414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-class-classification","display_name":"One-class classification","score":0.42615437507629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38243579864501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.2592490315437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16579669713974}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.7566584944725037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55166926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892946","display_name":"Oracle","level":2,"score":0.7490062117576599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7343543767929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.635525107383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6261556148529053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.6146808862686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6063323020935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.5325459837913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.5055286884307861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.48402661085128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123860398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934605","display_name":"Multiclass classification","level":3,"score":0.47538506984710693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58973888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1041418","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","level":2,"score":0.4459095895290375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44280707836151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.44109103083610535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.42969435453414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34872919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7092302","display_name":"One-class classification","level":3,"score":0.42615437507629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38243579864501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.2592490315437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16579669713974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1102351.1102358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1102351.1102358","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Machine learning  - ICML '05","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.81.4721","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.81.4721","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://imls.engr.oregonstate.edu/www/htdocs/proceedings/icml2005/papers/007_Error_BeygelzimerEtAl.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.90.2161","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.90.2161","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://people.cs.uchicago.edu/~varsha/pubs/classification_reductions.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504694836","https://openalex.org/W1578772208","https://openalex.org/W1676820704","https://openalex.org/W1966045914","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W2012942264","https://openalex.org/W2019363670","https://openalex.org/W2020114845","https://openalex.org/W2029538739","https://openalex.org/W2032210760","https://openalex.org/W2058732827","https://openalex.org/W2098933520","https://openalex.org/W2125055259","https://openalex.org/W2142261479","https://openalex.org/W2160639727","https://openalex.org/W2170768058","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006671292","https://openalex.org/W2470590370","https://openalex.org/W2146407312","https://openalex.org/W4376528628","https://openalex.org/W2215801697","https://openalex.org/W3207192536","https://openalex.org/W2910954186","https://openalex.org/W2076300071","https://openalex.org/W3093943766","https://openalex.org/W3172103400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,10],"introduce":[1],"a":[2,16,84],"reduction-based":[3],"model":[4,13],"for":[5,101],"analyzing":[6],"supervised":[7,70],"learning":[8,71],"tasks.":[9],"use":[11],"this":[12,73],"to":[14,23],"devise":[15],"new":[17,96],"reduction":[18,97],"from":[19],"multi-class":[20,102],"cost-sensitive":[21,43,61,103],"classification":[22,25,62,86],"binary":[24,33,85],"with":[26],"the":[27,31,42,51],"following":[28],"guarantee:":[29],"If":[30],"learned":[32],"classifier":[34,44],"has":[35,45],"error":[36],"rate":[37],"at":[38,47],"most":[39,48],"\u03b5":[40],"then":[41],"cost":[46],"2\u03b5":[49],"times":[50],"expected":[52],"sum":[53],"of":[54,56],"costs":[55],"all":[57],"possible":[58],"lables.":[59],"Since":[60],"can":[63,80],"embed":[64],"any":[65,77],"bounded":[66],"loss":[67],"finite":[68],"choice":[69],"task,":[72],"result":[74],"shows":[75],"that":[76,94],"such":[78],"task":[79],"be":[81],"solved":[82],"using":[83],"oracle.":[87],"Finally,":[88],"we":[89],"present":[90],"experimental":[91],"results":[92],"showing":[93],"our":[95],"outperforms":[98],"existing":[99],"algorithms":[100],"learning.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
