{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2129758682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1101149.1101305","title":"Image annotations by combining multiple evidence & wordNet","display_name":"Image annotations by combining multiple evidence & wordNet","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2129758682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1101149.1101305","mag":"2129758682"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1101149.1101305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1101149.1101305","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066080239","display_name":"Yohan Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yohan Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX","University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005002693","display_name":"Latifur Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-1576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Latifur Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX","University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100435848","display_name":"Lei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0961-0441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX","University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081389915","display_name":"Mamoun Awad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7424-4129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mamoun Awad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX","University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066080239"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.0995,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":243,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99166864,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"706","last_page":"715"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wordnet","display_name":"WordNet","score":0.9323970079421997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8599190711975098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.6877409815788269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.6084499955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5793155431747437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.572256863117218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-image-annotation","display_name":"Automatic image annotation","score":0.5698360204696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5653960108757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5021631717681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.49403315782546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.4862571954727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4445483088493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.4337809681892395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.41916680335998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4154263436794281}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157659113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533822","display_name":"WordNet","level":2,"score":0.9323970079421997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8599190711975098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.6877409815788269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.6084499955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5793155431747437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.572256863117218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199579030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2851778","display_name":"Automatic image annotation","level":4,"score":0.5698360204696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5653960108757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5021631717681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.49403315782546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.4862571954727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4445483088493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.4337809681892395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.41916680335998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4154263436794281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1101149.1101305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1101149.1101305","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1666447063","https://openalex.org/W1971220772","https://openalex.org/W1987817280","https://openalex.org/W2020842694","https://openalex.org/W2063049279","https://openalex.org/W2100935296","https://openalex.org/W2104737037","https://openalex.org/W2117805756","https://openalex.org/W2120195071","https://openalex.org/W2123489126","https://openalex.org/W2127128140","https://openalex.org/W2127411609","https://openalex.org/W2129811804","https://openalex.org/W2137918516","https://openalex.org/W2140000690","https://openalex.org/W2150692003","https://openalex.org/W2534712034","https://openalex.org/W2797148637","https://openalex.org/W2942828419","https://openalex.org/W4241226388","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6750349241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3177930984","https://openalex.org/W2052697133","https://openalex.org/W2119028572","https://openalex.org/W2376984068","https://openalex.org/W2152482390","https://openalex.org/W2365617273","https://openalex.org/W2076896210","https://openalex.org/W2111630109","https://openalex.org/W2506386910","https://openalex.org/W2117928543"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,173],"development":[1],"of":[2,7,32,65,72,116,134],"technology":[3],"generates":[4],"huge":[5],"amounts":[6],"non-textual":[8],"information,":[9],"such":[10],"as":[11],"images.":[12],"An":[13],"efficient":[14],"image":[15,67],"annotation":[16,62,186],"and":[17,49,51,63,130,163,168],"retrieval":[18,64],"system":[19],"is":[20],"highly":[21],"desired.":[22],"Clustering":[23],"algorithms":[24],"make":[25,140],"it":[26],"possible":[27],"to":[28,109,139,153],"represent":[29],"visual":[30,47,155],"features":[31,48],"images":[33,85],"with":[34,101,157,180],"finite":[35],"symbols.":[36],"Based":[37],"on":[38,160],"this,":[39],"many":[40,81],"statistical":[41],"models,":[42],"which":[43],"analyze":[44],"correspondence":[45],"between":[46,128],"words":[50],"discover":[52],"hidden":[53],"semantics,":[54],"have":[55,149],"been":[56],"published.":[57],"These":[58],"models":[59,152],"improve":[60,185],"the":[61,73,98,114],"large":[66],"databases.":[68],"However,":[69],"current":[70],"state":[71],"art":[74],"including":[75],"our":[76],"previous":[77],"work":[78],"produces":[79],"too":[80],"irrelevant":[82,111,120,190],"keywords":[83,112,129,158],"for":[84],"during":[86],"annotation.":[87],"In":[88],"this":[89],"paper,":[90],"we":[91,122,183],"propose":[92],"a":[93,141],"novel":[94,106],"approach":[95,107],"that":[96,176],"augments":[97],"classical":[99,181],"model":[100,182],"generic":[102],"knowledge-based,":[103,161],"WordNet.":[104,117],"Our":[105],"strives":[108],"prune":[110],"by":[113,177,188],"usage":[115],"To":[118],"identify":[119],"keywords,":[121],"investigate":[123],"various":[124,151],"semantic":[125],"similarity":[126],"measures":[127,137],"finally":[131],"fuse":[132],"outcomes":[133],"all":[135],"these":[136],"together":[138],"final":[142],"decision":[143],"using":[144,166,170],"Dempster-Shafer":[145],"evidence":[146],"combination.":[147],"We":[148],"implemented":[150],"link":[154],"tokens":[156],"based":[159],"WordNet":[162],"evaluated":[164],"performance":[165],"precision,":[167],"recall":[169],"benchmark":[171],"dataset.":[172],"results":[174],"show":[175],"augmenting":[178],"knowledge-based":[179],"can":[184],"accuracy":[187],"removing":[189],"keywords.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":21}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}