{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1965990451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1089338.1089342","title":"Of integration by man and machine","display_name":"Of integration by man and machine","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1965990451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1089338.1089342","mag":"1965990451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1089338.1089342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1089338.1089342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226623","display_name":"ACM SIGSAM Bulletin","issn_l":"0163-5824","issn":["0163-5824","1557-9492"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGSAM Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101722019","display_name":"Paul Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8330-6619"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University, Dundee, Scotland, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University, Dundee, Scotland, U.K","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079262002","display_name":"Leon Sterling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4122-2465"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leon Sterling","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K","University of Edinburgh, Scotland, U. K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh, Scotland, U. K","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101722019"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7596,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76547842,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3-4","first_page":"21","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.6061000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.6061000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbol","display_name":"Symbol (formal)","score":0.7045285105705261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5665666460990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-integration","display_name":"System integration","score":0.43176740407943726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.34435218572616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.28750109672546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10291808843612671}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134400042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2372244","display_name":"Symbol (formal)","level":2,"score":0.7045285105705261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5665666460990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665453","display_name":"System integration","level":2,"score":0.43176740407943726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.34435218572616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.28750109672546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10291808843612671}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1089338.1089342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1089338.1089342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226623","display_name":"ACM SIGSAM Bulletin","issn_l":"0163-5824","issn":["0163-5824","1557-9492"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGSAM Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:hdl:10068/525590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10068/525590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196900","display_name":"OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1295345811","host_organization_name":"Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295345811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"R - Report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2389793738","https://openalex.org/W2376208682","https://openalex.org/W2924107927","https://openalex.org/W4240806619","https://openalex.org/W2368886944","https://openalex.org/W4254609622","https://openalex.org/W4390358280","https://openalex.org/W2611966483","https://openalex.org/W2392641092"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"describe":[1],"a":[2],"symbolic":[3],"integration":[4,25],"problem":[5],"arising":[6],"from":[7],"an":[8],"application":[9],"in":[10],"engineering.":[11],"A":[12],"solution":[13,20],"is":[14,35],"given":[15],"and":[16],"compared":[17],"with":[18],"the":[19,23,39],"generated":[21],"by":[22],"REDUCE":[24],"package":[26],"running":[27],"at":[28],"Cambridge.":[29],"Nontrivial":[30],"symbol":[31],"manipulation,":[32],"particularly":[33],"simplification,":[34],"necessary":[36],"to":[37],"reconcile":[38],"answers.":[40]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}