{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2078264993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1085126.1085128","title":"The concept of layered proving trees and its application to the automation of security protocol verification","display_name":"The concept of layered proving trees and its application to the automation of security protocol verification","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2078264993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1085126.1085128","mag":"2078264993"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1085126.1085128","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1085126.1085128","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2642811","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","issn_l":"1094-9224","issn":["1094-9224","1557-7406"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073987773","display_name":"Reiner Dojen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2113-5532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I230495080","display_name":"University of Limerick","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0n9e72","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reiner Dojen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Limerick, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Limerick, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059822467","display_name":"Tom Coffey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I230495080","display_name":"University of Limerick","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0n9e72","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom Coffey","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Limerick, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Limerick, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0955,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81987454,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3","first_page":"287","last_page":"311"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13999","display_name":"Digital Rights Management and Security","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.882115364074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.8250675797462463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soundness","display_name":"Soundness","score":0.791515588760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.6285271644592285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-protocol","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","score":0.6103194355964661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.6013844013214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.5449972152709961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/completeness","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","score":0.5155093669891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.483920156955719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.4365345537662506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3760438561439514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.35558390617370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2747947573661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.1936199963092804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08721411228179932}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.882115364074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.8250675797462463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693083","display_name":"Soundness","level":2,"score":0.791515588760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.6285271644592285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.6103194355964661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.6013844013214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5449972152709961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17231256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156540","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.5155093669891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.483920156955719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.4365345537662506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3760438561439514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.35558390617370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2747947573661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.1936199963092804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08721411228179932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1085126.1085128","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1085126.1085128","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2642811","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","issn_l":"1094-9224","issn":["1094-9224","1557-7406"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.510.3699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.510.3699","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.dcsl.ul.ie/papers/DC05_AcmTissec_ConceptofLPTs.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2106755","https://openalex.org/W62100894","https://openalex.org/W1499073821","https://openalex.org/W1521083034","https://openalex.org/W1533886364","https://openalex.org/W1566288460","https://openalex.org/W1597343621","https://openalex.org/W1627776297","https://openalex.org/W1635800776","https://openalex.org/W1659048632","https://openalex.org/W1768880805","https://openalex.org/W1927383947","https://openalex.org/W2010939995","https://openalex.org/W2070207454","https://openalex.org/W2078793962","https://openalex.org/W2088258634","https://openalex.org/W2102922499","https://openalex.org/W2105401163","https://openalex.org/W2113599658","https://openalex.org/W2119951041","https://openalex.org/W2131895477","https://openalex.org/W2136262554","https://openalex.org/W2146973388","https://openalex.org/W2151461610","https://openalex.org/W2152286108","https://openalex.org/W2153778899","https://openalex.org/W2169216703","https://openalex.org/W2339045958","https://openalex.org/W3143649921","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6640195296","https://openalex.org/W6675682879","https://openalex.org/W6684121755"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977144985","https://openalex.org/W3091728393","https://openalex.org/W2117798332","https://openalex.org/W1597343621","https://openalex.org/W1522873391","https://openalex.org/W1505593098","https://openalex.org/W1607540445","https://openalex.org/W132289538","https://openalex.org/W2078264993","https://openalex.org/W1491103038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Security":[0],"protocols":[1,24,44],"are":[2,100],"one":[3],"of":[4,16,20,28,42,87,97,113],"the":[5,11,26,40,77,83,88,95,98,109,114],"most":[6],"critical":[7],"elements":[8],"in":[9,22,39,51,70],"enabling":[10],"secure":[12],"communication":[13],"and":[14,45,82,85,105,111],"processing":[15],"information.":[17],"The":[18,102],"presence":[19],"flaws":[21],"published":[23],"highlights":[25],"complexity":[27],"security":[29,43,72],"protocol":[30,73],"design.":[31,53],"Only":[32],"formal":[33],"verification":[34],"can":[35],"provide":[36],"strong":[37],"confidence":[38],"correctness":[41],"is":[46,80,90],"considered":[47],"an":[48],"imperative":[49],"step":[50],"their":[52],"This":[54],"paper":[55],"presents":[56],"a":[57],"new":[58,78],"theoretical":[59],"concept,":[60],"called":[61],"Layered":[62,115],"Proving":[63,116],"Trees,":[64],"for":[65,76],"automatically":[66],"applying":[67],"logical":[68],"postulates":[69],"logic-based":[71],"verification.An":[74],"algorithm":[75,99],"concept":[79],"introduced":[81],"soundness":[84],"completeness":[86],"technique":[89],"proved.":[91],"Empirical":[92],"results":[93,107],"on":[94],"performance":[96],"presented.":[101],"presented":[103],"proofs":[104],"empirical":[106],"demonstrate":[108],"feasibility":[110],"effectiveness":[112],"Tree":[117],"approach.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}