{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014370864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1082473.1082641","title":"Controlling the focus of perceptual attention in embodied conversational agents","display_name":"Controlling the focus of perceptual attention in embodied conversational agents","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014370864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1082473.1082641","mag":"2014370864"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1082473.1082641","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1082473.1082641","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the fourth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100357161","display_name":"Youngjun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1715-1804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087747","display_name":"Creative Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/001qkb777","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388482679","display_name":"USC Institute for Creative Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/03hjhvn29","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I4388482679"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Youngjun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Creative Technologies, Marina del Rey, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Creative Technologies, Marina del Rey, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087747","https://openalex.org/I4388482679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104029524","display_name":"Randall W. Hill","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087747","display_name":"Creative Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/001qkb777","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388482679","display_name":"USC Institute for Creative Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/03hjhvn29","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I4388482679"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randall W. Hill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Creative Technologies, Marina del Rey, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Creative Technologies, Marina del Rey, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087747","https://openalex.org/I4388482679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004384107","display_name":"David Traum","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388482679","display_name":"USC Institute for Creative Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/03hjhvn29","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I4388482679"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087747","display_name":"Creative Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/001qkb777","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087747"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David R. Traum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Creative Technologies, Marina del Rey, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Creative Technologies, Marina del Rey, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087747","https://openalex.org/I4388482679"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100357161"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087747","https://openalex.org/I4388482679"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7456,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77683471,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1097","last_page":"1098"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.7743098735809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7402276992797852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"Embodied cognition","score":0.6488210558891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/top-down-and-bottom-up-design","display_name":"Top-down and bottom-up design","score":0.5977010130882263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5905370712280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5197753310203552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-model","display_name":"Computational model","score":0.5026280879974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.4817942976951599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.44608181715011597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-agent","display_name":"Embodied agent","score":0.4402194321155548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptual-system","display_name":"Perceptual system","score":0.4300641417503357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3312196731567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.3265587091445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.21078041195869446}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.7743098735809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7402276992797852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.6488210558891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135798126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2167279","display_name":"Top-down and bottom-up design","level":2,"score":0.5977010130882263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5905370712280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5197753310203552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.5026280879974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.4817942976951599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44608181715011597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103683099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5370102","display_name":"Embodied agent","level":3,"score":0.4402194321155548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28063669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7167042","display_name":"Perceptual system","level":3,"score":0.4300641417503357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3312196731567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3265587091445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.21078041195869446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1082473.1082641","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1082473.1082641","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the fourth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:ADA459162","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA459162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923043","display_name":"Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"DTIC","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.75.5348","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.75.5348","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ict.usc.edu/~traum/Papers/aamas2005_383_poster_v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337655","display_name":"Research, Development and Engineering Command","ror":"https://ror.org/02rdkx920"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W36257984","https://openalex.org/W1608526117","https://openalex.org/W1944193361","https://openalex.org/W2000343728","https://openalex.org/W2028013073","https://openalex.org/W2066377837","https://openalex.org/W2172018168","https://openalex.org/W2987513597"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487956045","https://openalex.org/W1601503673","https://openalex.org/W1592154258","https://openalex.org/W1527882169","https://openalex.org/W4388039923","https://openalex.org/W1596535966","https://openalex.org/W2096246921","https://openalex.org/W2145935766","https://openalex.org/W2136562935","https://openalex.org/W26087330"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,143,163],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,22],"present":[4],"a":[5,52,77,82,102,113,171],"computational":[6,16,35],"model":[7,85,119,187,191,205,231],"of":[8,18,27,44,55,81,92,174,184,200,220,225],"dynamic":[9],"perceptual":[10,19,99,134,179,194],"attention":[11,20,58,100],"for":[12,111,137],"virtual":[13,48,114,128,207],"humans.":[14],"The":[15,160],"models":[17,36,59],"that":[21,127,166],"surveyed":[23],"fell":[24],"into":[25,67,123],"one":[26],"two":[28],"camps:":[29],"top-down":[30,53,104,118,182],"and":[31,214,235],"bottom-up.":[32],"Biologically":[33],"inspired":[34],"[2]":[37],"typically":[38,141],"focus":[39],"on":[40,72,197],"the":[41,62,69,79,90,125,158,176,189,218,238],"bottom-up":[42,84,178],"aspects":[43],"attention,":[45],"while":[46],"most":[47],"humans":[49,94,129,208],"[1,3,7]":[50],"implement":[51],"form":[54],"attention.":[56,138,185],"Bottom-up":[57],"only":[60],"consider":[61],"sensory":[63],"information":[64],"without":[65],"taking":[66],"consideration":[68],"saliency":[70],"based":[71,196],"tasks":[73],"or":[74],"goals.":[75],"As":[76],"result,":[78],"outcome":[80],"purely":[83,103,117],"will":[86],"not":[87,109,121,169],"consistently":[88],"match":[89],"behavior":[91,222],"real":[93],"in":[95,144,157],"certain":[96,155],"situations.":[97],"Modeling":[98],"as":[101],"process,":[105],"however,":[106],"is":[107,165],"also":[108],"sufficient":[110],"implementing":[112],"human.":[115],"A":[116],"does":[120,168],"take":[122],"account":[124],"fact":[126],"need":[130],"to":[131,133,153,209,227],"react":[132],"stimuli":[135,180],"vying":[136],"Top-down":[139],"systems":[140],"handle":[142],"an":[145],"ad":[146],"hoc":[147],"manner":[148],"by":[149],"encoding":[150],"special":[151],"rules":[152],"catch":[154],"conditions":[156],"environment.":[159],"problem":[161],"with":[162,181,193,212,223,237],"approach":[164],"it":[167],"provide":[170],"principled":[172],"way":[173],"integrating":[175],"ever-present":[177],"control":[183],"This":[186,204,230],"extends":[188],"prior":[190],"[7]":[192],"resolution":[195],"psychological":[198],"theories":[199],"human":[201],"perception":[202],"[4].":[203],"allows":[206],"dynamically":[210],"interact":[211],"objects":[213],"other":[215],"individuals,":[216],"balancing":[217],"demands":[219],"goal-directed":[221],"those":[224],"attending":[226],"novel":[228],"stimuli.":[229],"has":[232],"been":[233],"implemented":[234],"tested":[236],"MRE":[239],"Project":[240],"[5].":[241]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}