{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2095953083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1065579.1065636","title":"Sign bit reduction encoding for low power applications","display_name":"Sign bit reduction encoding for low power applications","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2095953083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1065579.1065636","mag":"2095953083"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1065579.1065636","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1065579.1065636","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 42nd annual conference on Design automation - DAC '05","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076349366","display_name":"Mohsen Saneei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2722-6064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Saneei","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","Electr. & Comp. Eng. Dept., Tehran Univ., Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comp. Eng. Dept., Tehran Univ., Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074063358","display_name":"Ali Afzali\u2010Kusha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8614-2007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Afzali-Kusha","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","Electr. & Comp. Eng. Dept., Tehran Univ., Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comp. Eng. Dept., Tehran Univ., Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111436337","display_name":"Z. Navabi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Navabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"214","last_page":"214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6735029220581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.6234545707702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5406152606010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.5283554196357727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.5091983675956726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.48715779185295105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement","display_name":"Complement (music)","score":0.46851396560668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4510473906993866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-demand","display_name":"Dynamic demand","score":0.4393371641635895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.43579670786857605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit","display_name":"Bit (key)","score":0.4266502857208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-power-electronics","display_name":"Low-power electronics","score":0.4259757399559021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.40421780943870544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.345927357673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.27663788199424744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18671932816505432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11691480875015259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0983615517616272}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6735029220581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6234545707702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5406152606010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5283554196357727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.5091983675956726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.48715779185295105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112313634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886648","display_name":"Complement (music)","level":5,"score":0.46851396560668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4510473906993866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45872418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318966","display_name":"Dynamic demand","level":3,"score":0.4393371641635895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.43579670786857605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117011727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1278488","display_name":"Bit (key)","level":2,"score":0.4266502857208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117551214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6692774","display_name":"Low-power electronics","level":4,"score":0.4259757399559021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.40421780943870544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.345927357673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.27663788199424744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18671932816505432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11691480875015259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0983615517616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188082640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780899","display_name":"Complementation","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1065579.1065636","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1065579.1065636","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 42nd annual conference on Design automation - DAC '05","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584008964","https://openalex.org/W1815475456","https://openalex.org/W1988867937","https://openalex.org/W1992759571","https://openalex.org/W2020640915","https://openalex.org/W2024178767","https://openalex.org/W2097065626","https://openalex.org/W2103497259","https://openalex.org/W2120816439","https://openalex.org/W2121677505","https://openalex.org/W2125056453","https://openalex.org/W2125605092","https://openalex.org/W2135010823","https://openalex.org/W2140706481","https://openalex.org/W2150220403","https://openalex.org/W2152061654","https://openalex.org/W2159001033","https://openalex.org/W2159274615","https://openalex.org/W2164841154","https://openalex.org/W2165072326"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2788417757","https://openalex.org/W2242412600","https://openalex.org/W2052622532","https://openalex.org/W2184126626","https://openalex.org/W1971352894","https://openalex.org/W2370671356","https://openalex.org/W2509445719","https://openalex.org/W2599764483","https://openalex.org/W205056433","https://openalex.org/W2581156470"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,68,120],"low":[4],"power":[5,34],"technique,":[6],"called":[7],"SBR":[8],"(Sign":[9],"Bit":[10],"Reduction)":[11],"which":[12],"may":[13],"reduce":[14],"the":[15,26,32,63,66,92,103,114,117],"switching":[16,88,104,128],"activity":[17],"in":[18],"multipliers":[19,27,107],"as":[20,22,41],"well":[21],"data":[23,80,122],"buses.":[24],"Utilizing":[25],"based":[28,44,56],"on":[29,45,57,130],"this":[30,74,100],"scheme,":[31],"dynamic":[33],"consumption":[35],"of":[36,65,84,105,111,116],"some":[37],"digital":[38,42],"systems":[39],"such":[40],"filters":[43],"CMOS":[46],"logic":[47],"system":[48],"can":[49],"be":[50],"reduced":[51],"considerably":[52],"compared":[53,90],"to":[54,86,91,119,126],"those":[55],"2's":[58,93],"complement":[59,94],"implementation.":[60,95],"To":[61],"verify":[62],"efficacy":[64],"SBR,":[67],"16-bit":[69,97,106,121],"multiplier":[70],"was":[71],"implemented":[72],"by":[73,108],"scheme.":[75],"The":[76],"results":[77],"for":[78],"voice":[79],"show":[81],"an":[82,109],"average":[83,110],"29%":[85],"35%":[87],"reduction":[89,129],"For":[96],"random":[98],"data,":[99],"scheme":[101],"decreases":[102],"21%.":[112],"Finally,":[113],"application":[115],"technique":[118],"bus":[123],"leads":[124],"up":[125],"14.5%":[127],"average.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-19T07:52:34.831488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}